Michael Faraday: Third Edition, with PortraitGladstone, J. H. (John Hall)
Science
Michael Faraday: Third Edition, with Portrait
Gladstone, J. H. (John Hall)
Faraday, Michael, 1791-1867
The common lamp is so simple, both in principle and practice,
that its liability to failure is very small. There is no doubt that
the magneto-electric lamp involves a great number of circumstances
tending to make its application more refined and delicate; but I would
fain hope that none of these will prove a barrier to its introduction.
Nevertheless, it must pass into practice only through the ordeal of a
full, searching, and prolonged trial." This trial was made in the upper
of the two light towers at the South Foreland; but it was not till the
8th December, 1858, that the experiment was commenced. Faraday made
observations on it for the first two days, but it did not act well,
and was discontinued till March 28, 1859, when it again shot forth its
powerful rays across the Channel.
It was soon inspected by Faraday inside and outside, by land and by
sea. His notes terminate in this way:--"Went to the hills round, about
a mile off, or perhaps more, so as to see both upper and lower light
at once. The effect was very fine. The lower light does not come near
the upper in its power, and, as to colour, looks red whilst the upper
is white. The visible rays proceed from both horizontally, but those
from the low light are not half so long as those from the electric
light. The radiation from the upper light was beautifully horizontal,
going out right and left with intenseness like a horizontal flood
of light, with blackness above and blackness below, yet the sky was
clear and the stars shining brightly. It seemed as if the lanthorn[28]
only were above the earth, so dark was the path immediately below the
lanthorn, yet the whole tower was visible from the place. As to the
shadows of the uprights, one could walk into one and across, and see
the diminution of the light, and could easily see when the edge of
the shadow was passed. They varied in width according to the distance
from the lanthorn. With upright bars their effect is considerable at a
distance, as seen last night; but inclining these bars would help in
the distance, though not so much as with a light having considerable
upright dimension, as is the case with an oil-lamp.
"The shadows on a white card are very clear on the edge--a watch very
distinct and legible. On lowering the head near certain valleys, the
feeble shadow of the distant grass and leaves was evident. The light
was beautifully steady and bright, with no signs of variation--the
appearance was such as to give confidence to the mind--no doubt about
its continuance.
"As a light it is unexceptionable--as a magneto-electric light
wonderful--and seems to have all the adjustments of quality and more
than can be applied to a voltaic electric light or a Ruhmkorff coil."
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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