Embalming and Incineration of Bodies amongst the Ancients.--Interment brought into practice by Christianity.--The Wrapping of the Dead in Shrouds.--The Direction in which the Bodies were laid.--Absolution Crosses.--Funeral Furniture.--Coffins and Sarcophagi in the Middle Ages.--Funereal Sculpture and Architecture, from the Twelfth to the Sixteenth Century.--The Catacombs at Rome.--Charnel-houses in the Churches.--Public Cemeteries.--The Cemetery of the Innocents, Paris.--Lanterns for the Dead.--Funerals of the Kings and Queens of France.--The Rolls of the Dead.--Consoling Thought of the Resurrection and of Eternal Life. [Illustration] [Illustration] TABLE OF ILLUSTRATIONS. Abbatial Ring and Cross of St. Waudru, 312 Abbey of Saint-Germain des Prés, View of the, in 1361, 13 Abbey of Saint-Germain des Prés, North View of the, Seventeenth Century, 320 Abbey of St. Riquier, The, near Abbeville, 311 Abbey-Church of the Magdalen, at Vézelai, 120 Absolution Crosses of the Eleventh Century, 453 Act of Faith and Homage, Thirteenth Century, 8 Adoration of the Lamb, The, Frontispiece „ „ Magi, The, 241 Altar of the Cathedral of Arras, Thirteenth Century, 243 Altar-piece at Mareuil-en-Brie, 218, 219 Amaury’s Disciples burnt by order of Philip Augustus, 404 Angels praying over a Skull, Fourteenth Century, 298 Anne of Brittany, Funeral Service of, 495 Antilles, Discovery of the, by Columbus, 92 Antioch, Plan of, in the Thirteenth Century, 130 Antwerp, View of the Port of, 87 Arming a Knight, 143 Armogenes, the Magician, 383 Arquebusier of the Sixteenth Century, 61 Artois, The Count of, presenting himself at the Castle of the Count of Boulogne, 149 Artus, King, fighting a Giant, 137 Assault on a Fortified Place, 135 “Au juste poids véritable balance”, 391 Auto-da-fé Procession, in Spain, 436 Babylon the Great, 396 Ballista, 73 Banner of St. Denis, Representations of the, 60 Banner of the City of Strasburg, Thirteenth Century, 386 Banner of a Flemish Lazaretto, 353 Baptism of the Saxons conquered by Charlemagne, 213 Barbarian (Mounted) in the Roman Service, 4 Basilius the Great, Dream of, 400 Battering-ram, 71 Battle of Auray, The, 54 „ Dreux, The, 62 „ Lepanto, Plan of the, 96 „ Tolbiac, The, 2 Beacon in the Cemetery of Antigny, Fifteenth Century, 486 Beacon in the Cemetery of Ciron, Twelfth Century, 486 Beacon in the Cemetery of Fèniou, Eleventh Century, 486 Beatrix Cornel, Tomb of, 182 Beguin, 329 „ Convent at Ghent, the Great, 328 Beheaded Knight holding his Head in his Hands, 467 Bucentaure, The, 77 Bull with which Boniface VIII. sealed his Letters, 273