Perhaps the gods and demons of Æschylus may best bear a comparison
with the angels and devils of Milton. The style of the Athenian had,
as we have remarked, something of the Oriental character; and the
same peculiarity may be traced in his mythology. It has nothing of
the amenity and elegance which we generally find in the superstitions
of Greece. All is rugged, barbaric, and colossal. The legends of
Æschylus seem to harmonise less with the fragrant groves and graceful
porticoes in which his countrymen paid their vows to the God of Light
and Goddess of Desire, than with those huge and grotesque labyrinths
of eternal granite in which Egypt enshrined her mystic Osiris, or
in which Hindostan still bows down to her seven-headed idols. His
favourite gods are those of the elder generation, the sons of heaven
and earth, compared with whom Jupiter himself was a stripling and an
upstart, the gigantic Titans, and the inexorable Furies. Foremost
among his creations of this class stands Prometheus, half fiend,
half redeemer, the friend of man, the sullen and implacable enemy of
heaven. Prometheus bears undoubtedly a considerable resemblance to
the Satan of Milton. In both we find the same impatience of control,
the same ferocity, the same unconquerable pride. In both characters
also are mingled, though in very different proportions, some kind and
generous feelings. Prometheus, however, is hardly superhuman enough.
He talks too much of his chains and his uneasy posture: he is rather
too much depressed and agitated. His resolution seems to depend on the
knowledge which he possesses that he holds the fate of his torturer
in his hands, and that the hour of his release will surely come. But
Satan is a creature of another sphere. The might of his intellectual
nature is victorious over the extremity of pain. Amidst agonies which
cannot be conceived without horror, he deliberates, resolves, and even
exults. Against the sword of Michael, against the thunder of Jehovah,
against the flaming lake, and the marl burning with solid fire, against
the prospect of an eternity of unintermitted misery, his spirit bears
up unbroken, resting on its own innate energies, requiring no support
from anything external, nor even from hope itself.
To return for a moment to the parallel which we have been attempting to
draw between Milton and Dante, we would add that the poetry of these
great men has in a considerable degree taken its character from their
moral qualities. They are not egotists. They rarely obtrude their
idiosyncrasies on their readers. They have nothing in common with those
modern beggars for fame, who extort a pittance from the compassion
of the inexperienced by exposing the nakedness and sores of their
minds. Yet it would be difficult to name two writers whose works have
been more completely, though undesignedly, coloured by their personal
feelings.
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