they possessed, in far greater degree than their adversaries, those
qualities which are the grace of private life. With many of the vices
of the Round Table, they had also many of its virtues, courtesy,
generosity, veracity, tenderness, and respect for women. They had far
more both of profound and of polite learning than the Puritans. Their
manners were more engaging, their tempers more amiable, their tastes
more elegant, and their households more cheerful.
Milton did not strictly belong to any of the classes which we have
described. He was not a Puritan. He was not a freethinker. He was not
a Royalist. In his character the noblest qualities of every party
were combined in harmonious union. From the Parliament and from the
Court, from the conventicle and from the Gothic cloister, from the
gloomy and sepulchral circles of the Roundheads, and from the Christmas
revel of the hospitable Cavalier, his nature selected and drew to
itself whatever was great and good, while it rejected all the base and
pernicious ingredients by which those finer elements were defiled. Like
the Puritans, he lived
"As ever in his great taskmaster's eye."
Like them, he kept his mind continually fixed on an Almighty Judge and
an eternal reward. And hence he acquired their contempt of external
circumstances, their fortitude, their tranquillity, their inflexible
resolution. But not the coolest sceptic or the most profane scoffer
was more perfectly free from the contagion of their frantic delusions,
their savage manners, their ludicrous jargon, their scorn of science,
and their aversion to pleasure. Hating tyranny with a perfect hatred,
he had nevertheless all the estimable and ornamental qualities which
were almost entirely monopolised by the party of the tyrant. There
was none who had a stronger sense of the value of literature, a finer
relish for every elegant amusement, or a more chivalrous delicacy of
honour and love. Though his opinions were democratic, his tastes
and his associations were such as harmonise best with monarchy and
aristocracy. He was under the influence of all the feelings by which
the gallant Cavaliers were misled. But of those feelings he was the
master and not the slave. Like the hero of Homer, he enjoyed all the
pleasures of fascination; but he was not fascinated. He listened to the
song of the Syrens; yet he glided by without being seduced to their
fatal shore. He tasted the cup of Circe; but he bore about him a sure
antidote against the effects of its bewitching sweetness. The allusions
which captivated his imagination never impaired his reasoning powers.
The statesman was proof against the splendour, the solemnity, and the
romance which enchanted the poet. Any person who will contrast the
sentiments expressed in his treatises on Prelacy with the exquisite
lines on ecclesiastical architecture and music in the Penseroso,
which was published about the same time, will understand our meaning.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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