Tropical Africa is probably more wealthy in mimetic analogies than Indo-Malaya, and the African cases have recently been gathered together by Eltringham in a large and beautifully illustrated memoir[13]. The principal models of the region are furnished by the Danainae and the allied group of the Acraeinae. Of the Danaines one well-known model, _Danais chrysippus_, {29} is common to Africa and to Indo-Malaya. Common also to the two regions are the mimics, _Argynnis hyperbius_ and _Hypolimnas misippus_ (cf. Pl. IV, figs. 3 and 7). The case of the last named is peculiarly interesting because it presents well-marked varieties which can be paralleled by similar ones in _D. chrysippus_. In addition to the typical form with the dark tipped fore wing relieved by a white bar there is in each species a form uniformly brown, lacking both the dark tip and the white bar of the fore wing. There is also another form in the two species in which the hind wing is almost white instead of the usual brown shade. In both species, moreover, the white hind wing may be associated either with the uniformly brown fore wing or with the typical form. There is also another common African butterfly, _Acraea encedon_, in which these different patterns are closely paralleled (cf. Pl. IX). Several other species of butterflies and a few diurnal moths bear a more or less close resemblance to _D. chrysippus_. Danaine butterflies with the dark interlacing fines on a pale greenish-blue ground, so characteristic of the Oriental region, are represented in Africa by the species _Danais petiverana_ (Pl. VI, fig. 1) ranging across the continent from Sierra Leone to British East Africa. A common Papilio, _P. leonidas_ (Pl. VI, fig. 2) has a similar extensive range, and has been regarded as a mimic of the Danaine. In S. Africa _P. leonidas_ is represented by the variety _brasidas_ in which the white spots are reduced and the blue-green ground is lacking. _Brasidas_ bears a strong resemblance to the tropical {30} Danaine _Amauris hyalites_ (Pl. VI, fig. 3) of which it has been regarded as a mimic. It must however be added that it is only over a small part of their respective ranges, viz. in Angola, that the two species are to be met with together.