Miss Beecher's Housekeeper and Healthkeeper: Containing Five Hundred Receipes for Economical and Healthful Cooking; also, Many Directions for Securing Health and HappinessBeecher, Catharine Esther
General
Miss Beecher's Housekeeper and Healthkeeper: Containing Five Hundred Receipes for Economical and Healthful Cooking; also, Many Directions for Securing Health and Happiness
Beecher, Catharine Esther
Cooking; Home economics
Whoever plans a house with a view to economy must arrange rooms around
a central chimney, and avoid all projecting appendages. Dormer-windows
are far more expensive than common ones, and are less pleasant. Every
addition projecting from a main building greatly increases expense of
building, and still more of warming and ventilating.
It should be introduced, as one school exercise in every female
seminary, to plan houses with reference to economy of time, labor,
and expense, and also with reference to good architectural taste;
and the teacher should be qualified to point out faults and give the
instruction needed to prevent such mistakes in practical life. Every
girl should be trained to be “a wise woman” that “buildeth her house”
aright.
There is but one mode of ventilation yet tried that will, at all
seasons of the year and all hours of the day and night, secure pure air
without dangerous draughts, and that is by an exhausting warm-air flue.
This is always secured by an open fire-place, so long as its chimney is
kept warm by any fire. And in many cases, a fire-place with a flue of
a certain dimension and height will secure good ventilation, _except_
when the air without and within is at the same temperature.
When no exhausting warm-air flue can be used, the opening of doors and
windows is the only resort. Every sleeping-room _without a fire-place
that draws smoke well_ should have a window raised at the bottom or
sunk at the top at least an inch, with an inclined shelf outside or
in, to keep out rain, and then it is properly ventilated, provided
the air outside is colder than the inside air—but not otherwise. Or a
door should be kept opened into a hall with an open window. Let the
bed-clothing be increased, so as to keep warm in bed, and protect the
head also, and then the more air comes into a sleeping-room the better
for health.
In reference to the warming of rooms and houses already built, there
is no doubt that stoves are the most economical mode, as they radiate
heat and also warm by convection. The grand objection to their use is
the difficulty of securing proper ventilation. If a room is well warmed
by a stove, and then several small openings made for the entrance of a
good supply of outdoor air, and by a mode that will prevent dangerous
draughts, all is right as to pure air. But in this case the feet are
always on cold floors, surrounded by the coldest air, while the head is
in air of much higher temperature.
The writer believes that ere long the common mode of warming by
furnaces will be banished as most pernicious to health, and constant
sources of discomfort and economic waste. The reasons for this demand
reference to some of the principles of pneumatics.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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