Modern Copper Smelting: being lectures delivered at Birmingham University, greatly extended and adapted and with and introduction on the history, uses and properties of copper.Levy, Donald M.
Science
Modern Copper Smelting: being lectures delivered at Birmingham University, greatly extended and adapted and with and introduction on the history, uses and properties of copper.
Levy, Donald M.
Copper -- Metallurgy
These features are specially interesting, as they afford one of the
most marked distinctions between true and partial pyritic smelting.
In the latter process, the fuel value in the adjustable supply of
coke at the tuyeres allows of the ready production of any extra heat
which might be required. The slag composition is, in consequence, more
independent of the furnace conditions, since the heat required for the
smelting operation does not depend so much on the formation of slag
of any particular composition. Sufficient heat is always obtainable
by coke additions when smelting for any special slag which may be
desired. Neither is localisation of the heat at the narrow tuyere zone
so essential in partial pyritic smelting. Warm blast produces a greater
combustion intensity when employed in oxidising carbon, so that it may
present advantages, both economic and operative, in partial pyritic
work, whereas it is distinctly disadvantageous in the true pyritic
method.
=Pyritic Smelting Practice in Tennessee.=—The pyritic process is
operated in Tennessee at two smelters; that at Copperhill under the
Tennessee Copper Company, and at Isabella by the Ducktown Sulphur,
Copper and Iron Co. The ore averages from 2 to about 2½ per cent.
copper, 31 to 37 per cent. iron, 20 to 30 per cent. sulphur, 10 to 25
per cent. silica, the remainder being earths, including lime about 6
per cent., magnesia 2 per cent., zinc 2 per cent., and alumina—_i.e._,
a heavy sulphide ore with but little excess of free silica available
for the fluxing of iron.
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