p. 297, l.6 from foot. After _simply evil_ add: _Hobbes allows that human reason lays down certain good rules, "laws of nature" which however it cannot get kept_. For Hobbes and Rousseau see further _P.M.E_., pp. 81-90. p. 319, middle. Cancel the words: _but the sum total of civil power is a constant quantity, the same for all States_. pp. 322-3. Cancel §. 7 for reasons alleged in _P.M.E_., pp. 50-72. Substitute: _States are living organizations and grow, and their powers vary with the stage of their development_. p. 323, § 8. For _This seems at variance with_, read _This brings us to consider_. p. 338. To the _Readings_ add _P.M.E_., pp. 102-113. p. 347, middle. Cancel from _one of these prerogatives_ to the end of the sentence. Substitute: _of every polity even in the most infantine condition._ * * * * * MORAL PHILOSOPHY. PART I. ETHICS. CHAPTER I. OF THE OBJECT-MATTER AND PARTITION OF MORAL PHILOSOPHY. 1. Moral Philosophy is the science of human acts in their bearing on human happiness and human duty. 2. Those acts alone are properly called _human_, which a man is master of to do or not to do. A _human act_, then, is an act voluntary and free. A man is what his human acts make him. 3. A _voluntary_ act is an act that proceeds from the will with a knowledge of the end to which the act tends. 4. A free act is an act which so proceeds from the will that under the same antecedent conditions it might have not proceeded. An act may be more or less voluntary, and more or less free. 5. Moral Philosophy is divided into Ethics, Deontology, and Natural Law. Ethics consider human acts in their bearing on human happiness; or, what is the same thing, in their agreement or disagreement with man's rational nature, and their making for or against his last end. Deontology is the study of moral obligation, or the fixing of what logicians call the comprehension of the idea _I ought_. Ethics deal with [Greek: to prepon], "the becoming"; Deontology with [Greek: to deon], "the obligatory". Deontology is the science of Duty, as such. Natural Law (antecedent to Positive Law, whether divine or human, civil or ecclesiastical, national or international) determines duties in detail,--the _extension_ of the idea _I ought_,--and thus is the foundation of Casuistry. 6. In the order of sciences, Ethics are antecedent to Natural Theology; Deontology, consequent upon it. _Readings_.--St. Thos., _in Eth_., I., lect. 1, init.; _ib_., 1a 2æ, q. 1, art. 1, in corp.; _ib_., q. 58, art. 1, in corp. CHAPTER II. OF HAPPINESS. SECTION I.--_Of Ends_.