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Mother, Nurse and Infant: A Manual Especially Adapted for the Guidance of Mothers and Monthly Nurses, Comprising Full Instruction in Regard To Pregnancy, Preparation for Child-birth, and the Care of Mother and Child, and Designed to Impart so Much Knowledge of Anatomy, Physiology, Midwifery, and the Proper Use of Medicines as Will Serve Intelligently to Direct the Wife, Mother and Nurse in All Emergencies.Sackett, S. P.

Science

Mother, Nurse and Infant: A Manual Especially Adapted for the Guidance of Mothers and Monthly Nurses, Comprising Full Instruction in Regard To Pregnancy, Preparation for Child-birth, and the Care of Mother and Child, and Designed to Impart so Much Knowledge of Anatomy, Physiology, Midwifery, and the Proper Use of Medicines as Will Serve Intelligently to Direct the Wife, Mother and Nurse in All Emergencies.

Name: Mother, Nurse and Infant: A Manual Especially Adapted for the Guidance of Mothers and Monthly Nurses, Comprising Full Instruction in Regard To Pregnancy, Preparation for Child-birth, and the Care of Mother and Child, and Designed to Impart so Much Knowledge of Anatomy, Physiology, Midwifery, and the Proper Use of Medicines as Will Serve Intelligently to Direct the Wife, Mother and Nurse in All Emergencies.
Author: Sackett, S. P.

Sackett, S. P.

Infants -- Care; Materia medica; Obstetrics -- Popular works; Women -- Health and hygiene

Fig. 4—Right os innominatum, internal surface. A, internal iliac
    fossa; B, anterior superior spinous process of the ilium; C, crest
    of the ilium; D, posterior superior spinous process of the ilium; E,
    posterior inferior spinous process of the ilium; F, articular
    surface; G, spine of the ischium; H, tuberosity of the ischium; I,
    obturator foramen; K, ischia pubic ramus; L, crest of the pubis; M,
    the pectineal eminence.
]


                            THE OS COCCYGIS.

[Illustration:

  Fig. 5.

  The os coccygis.
]

The OS COCCYGIS (Fig. 5) is three or four little bones united together
on the median line of the body, and attached to the os sacrum. Each
little bone is tipped with cartilage, and they are so united as to be
movable. The entire bones form a pyramid, the apex of which is below.
The internal surface is smooth, like that of the sacrum, terminating the
plane of the sacrum and bounding it anteriorly.

[Illustration:

  Fig. 6. Vertical section of the pelvis.

  Fig. 6—Inlet, outlet, and axis of the pelvis. a, b, plan of
    inlet—superior strait; c, d, plan of outlet, or inferior strait; e,
    f, axis of cavity; g, the coccyx extended as it is in labor.
]

Of the JOINTS OF THE PELVIS it is only necessary here to say that there
is no motion in them to facilitate labor, except that the
sacro-coccygeal joint is of the kind called ginglymoid, admitting of
extensive motion, especially backward, so as to permit the enlargement
of the lower outlet an inch or more. (Fig. 6.)


                       OF THE PELVIS IN GENERAL.

We will now consider the pelvis collectively or as a whole; its relation
to the rest of the body; its magnitude, axis, etc. It is connected with
the trunk by the articulation of the sacrum with the last lumber
vertebra, effected in the same manner as the junction of the vertebra
with each other; with the lower extremities it is connected by means of
the hip joints. When the pelvis is _in situ_, the brim is neither
horizontal nor perpendicular. It represents a cone, slightly flattened
from before backwards, the base of which being above, while the apex is
directed downwards.

When the body is erect the upper part of the sacrum and the acetabula
are nearly on the same descending line, the point of the os coccygis
being a little above the arch of the pubis, and the sacro-vertebral
angle three inches and nine lines higher than the pubis. Were it not for
the obliquity owing to the upright position of the human female, the
womb would gravitate low in the pelvis, and produce most injurious
pressure on the contained viscera. The lower or true pelvis is the part
involved in parturition, and its size and shape demands our attention.


                        THE BRIM OF THE PELVIS.

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