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Mother, Nurse and Infant: A Manual Especially Adapted for the Guidance of Mothers and Monthly Nurses, Comprising Full Instruction in Regard To Pregnancy, Preparation for Child-birth, and the Care of Mother and Child, and Designed to Impart so Much Knowledge of Anatomy, Physiology, Midwifery, and the Proper Use of Medicines as Will Serve Intelligently to Direct the Wife, Mother and Nurse in All Emergencies. — John Shaqi

Science

Mother, Nurse and Infant: A Manual Especially Adapted for the Guidance of Mothers and Monthly Nurses, Comprising Full Instruction in Regard To Pregnancy, Preparation for Child-birth, and the Care of Mother and Child, and Designed to Impart so Much Knowledge of Anatomy, Physiology, Midwifery, and the Proper Use of Medicines as Will Serve Intelligently to Direct the Wife, Mother and Nurse in All Emergencies.

Name: Mother, Nurse and Infant: A Manual Especially Adapted for the Guidance of Mothers and Monthly Nurses, Comprising Full Instruction in Regard To Pregnancy, Preparation for Child-birth, and the Care of Mother and Child, and Designed to Impart so Much Knowledge of Anatomy, Physiology, Midwifery, and the Proper Use of Medicines as Will Serve Intelligently to Direct the Wife, Mother and Nurse in All Emergencies.
Author: Sackett, S. P.

Sackett, S. P.

Infants -- Care; Materia medica; Obstetrics -- Popular works; Women -- Health and hygiene

This is defined by the LINEO ILIO PECTINEA, which marks the boundary of
the true and false pelvis, and this _superior strait_ is the entrance of
the lesser pelvis. Its form has been variously described as being oval,
heart-shaped, and triangular. If we call it “triangular with angles
rounded off,” the base of the triangle is behind and the apex in front.
It would be nearly oval were not the oval form broken by the promontory
of the sacrum. This brim is the first solid resistance the head of the
fœtus meets in its descent through the pelvis.


                        DIAMETER OF THE PELVIS.

Different estimates are made by different anatomists of the measurements
of the brim of the pelvis. The following is nearly the correct size of
the ordinary female pelvis:

[Illustration:

  Fig. 7. The bony pelvis.

  Fig. 7—The pelvis seen from above. a a, The antero-posterior or
    sacro-pubic diameter; b b, the transverse diameter; c c, the two
    oblique diameters.
]

The circumference varies from thirteen to fifteen inches; the
antero-posterior diameter, _i. e._, from the prominence of the sacrum to
the upper edge of the symphasis pubis, (Fig. 6), is about four and a
quarter inches; the transverse across the widest part of the brim, at
right angles to the antero-posterior, is five and a quarter inches, and
the oblique from the sacro-iliac synchondrosis of one side to the
opposite of the brim, just above the acetabulum, is five inches. (Fig.
7).

THE CAVITY OF THE PELVIS, of which the fixed boundaries are the sacrum
and the pubis, is of unequal depth. The height in front is one and a
half inches; upon the sides, three and three-quarter inches, and it is
four and a quarter inches if a straight line be drawn from the
sacro-vertebral angle to the point of the coccyx, five and a quarter
inches following the curve of the sacrum, and six inches if the coccyx
be extended. (Fig. 6).

The antero-posterior diameter of the outlet from the arch of the pubis
to the point of the coccyx is usually four and a quarter inches, but may
increase to five inches during labor by the retrocession of the coccyx
(Fig. 8); the transverse from one tuber ischii to another is four and a
quarter inches, and the oblique about four and three-quarter inches.

[Illustration:

  Fig. 8—Position of the pelvis and the axis at the termination of
    labor.

  Fig. 8—a b, Total axis of the excavation; c, the axis of the superior
    strait; d e, perineum as distended at the moment of the passage of
    the head.
]

It is important to notice that the diameters are entirely changed
between the rim and the outlet, and that the change is effected
gradually. The axes of the inlet and outlet form an obtuse angle with
each other (this is illustrated in Figs. 6 and 8.) The three diameters
taken at the center of the pelvis are very nearly equal—about four and
three-quarter inches.


                       DIFFERENCES OF THE PELVES.

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