“If, by the mere flexion inherent in her structure, the Leaf-cutter
succeeds in cutting out ovals, how does she manage to cut out rounds?
Can we admit the presence of other wheels in the machinery for the
new pattern, so different in shape and size? However, the real point
of the difficulty does not lie there. Those rounds, for the most
part, fit the mouth of the jar with almost exact precision. When the
cell is finished, the bee flies hundreds of yards away to make the
lid. She arrives at the leaf from which the disk is to be cut. What
picture, what recollection has she of the pot to be covered? Why,
none at all: she has never seen it; she does her work underground, in
utter darkness! At the utmost, she can have the indications of touch:
not actual indications, of course, for the pot is not there, but
past indications, useless in a work of precision. And yet the disk to
be cut out must have a fixed diameter: if it were too large, it would
not go in; if too small, it would close badly, it would slip down on
the honey and suffocate the egg. How shall it be given its correct
dimensions without a pattern? The bee does not hesitate for a moment.
She cuts out her disk with the same celerity which she would display
in detaching any shapeless lobe that might do for a stopper; and
that disk, without further measurement, is of the right size to fit
the pot. Let whoso will explain this geometry, which in my opinion
is inexplicable, even when we allow for memory begotten of touch and
sight.”
Let us add that the author calculated that, to form the cells of a
kindred Megachile, the Silky Megachile, exactly 1,064 of these ellipses
and disks would be required; and they must all be collected and shaped
in the course of an existence that lasts a few weeks.
8
Who would imagine that the Pentatoma, on the other hand, the poor and
evil-smelling Wood-bug, has invented a really extraordinary apparatus
wherewith to leave the egg? And first let us state that this egg is
a marvellous little box of snowy whiteness, which our author thus
describes:
“The microscope discovers a surface engraved with dents similar to
those of a thimble and arranged with exquisite symmetry. At the
top and bottom of the cylinder is a wide belt of a dead black; on
the sides, a large white zone with four big, black spots evenly
distributed. The lid, surrounded by snowy cilia and encircled with
white at the edge, swells into a black cap with a white knot in the
centre. Altogether, a striking burial urn, with the sudden contrast
between the coal-black and the fleecy white. The Etruscans would have
found a magnificent model here for their funeral pottery.”
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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