If a man appeareth before any _Turk_ that is a person of quality, he must have especial care, that chiefly in departing he do not turn his back side towards him, for this is accounted the greatest incivility and affront that can be given throughout all the _Turkish_ dominions. Nay if a servant appears before his master to ask him forgiveness of his faults, he useth peculiar ceremonies; first he submitteth himself, and sheweth his master all respect imaginable, then he taketh, with his knees bended, his master’s hands to kiss them: If his master lets him have them freely, he is in good hopes that his master will grant him his request, but if not, but draweth them back, although he maketh several profers towards them, he knoweth certainly that he is still out of favour, and that there is but small hopes of obtaining his intention. They love that one should bear a great deal of honour and respect towards them, for they know that their masters the _Sultan_’s power hath for a long time past, not been decreasing but always increasing; wherefore they take very much upon themselves, and are always richly cloathed, and ride delicate horses, well adorn’d with stately accoutrements, with embroider’d saddles, and saddle-cloths of scarlet, velvet, or other silks, the bridles and stirrups well garnish’d with silver and gold. They commonly speak in the _Turkish_ language (and so do all that lie about in garrisons) which is a very manly one, and sounds in proper pronouncing much like unto our _German_ tongue; but they also generally are expert in the _Arabian_ tongue, which is the common one there to the whole country, and goeth through many provinces; for you meet there with many _Arabians_, _Syrians_, _Jacobites_, _&c._ Christians and Heathens, to whom this speech is common. The _Turks_ have also some very fine manners and customs; they are affable, they begin their discourse, chiefly to relations and acquaintance, with a friendly salutation and kissing; but they are also lazy, and do not esteem the liberal arts and sciences, love idleness better than labour, for you shall see them spend a whole day in the game of chesse and other games, and in playing on their (_quinterns_) guittars, which have three, five, seven, and sometimes eleven strings, as I have seen them with the musicians of the _Bashaw_ of _Aleppo_ several times. They commonly play only with their fore-finger, or a piece of a quill, they walk about with them in the streets, chiefly the soldiers, all day long, and so use themselves to laziness and leachery, and contaminate themselves with all sorts of terrible and chiefly sodomitical sins, which by them, because both high and low are equally guilty thereof, are not at all punish’d.