Communism -- Soviet Union; Goldman, Emma, 1869-1940; Soviet Union -- History -- Revolution, 1917-1921 -- Personal narratives, American
Some of the Communists objected to the discrimination. They saw the
blunders, the intrigues, the destruction of life practised in the name
of Communism, but they had not the strength and courage to protest or to
disassociate themselves from the Party responsible for the injustice and
brutality. They would often unburden themselves to me of the matters
they dared not discuss in their own circles. Thus I came to know many
things about the inner workings of the Party and the Third International
that were carefully hidden from the outside world. Among them was the
story of the alleged Finnish White conspiracy, which resulted in the
killing in Petrograd of seven leading Finnish Communists. I had read
about it in the Soviet papers while I was in the Ukraina. I remember my
feeling of renewed impatience with myself that I should be critical of
the Bolshevik régime at a time when counter-revolutionary conspiracies
were still so active. But from my Communist visitors I learned that the
published report was false from beginning to end. It was no White
conspiracy but a fight between two groups of Bolsheviki: the moderate
Finnish Communists in control of the propaganda carried on from
Petrograd, and the Left Wing working in Finland. The Moderates were
Zinoviev adherents and had been put in charge of the work by him. The
Lefts had repeatedly complained to the Third International about the
conservatism and compromises of their comrades in Petrograd and the harm
they were doing to the movement in Finland. They asked that these men be
removed. They were ignored. On the 31st of August, 1920, the Lefts came
to Petrograd and proceeded to the headquarters of the Moderates. At the
session of the latter they demanded that the Executive Committee resign
and turn over all books and accounts to them. Their demand refused, the
young Finnish Communists opened fire, killing seven of their comrades.
The affair was heralded to the world as a counter-revolutionary
conspiracy of White Finns.
The third anniversary of the October Revolution was celebrated November
7th (October 25th old style), on the Uritsky Square. I had seen so many
official demonstrations that they had lost interest for me. Still I went
to the Square hoping that a new note might be sounded. It proved a
rehash of the thing I had heard over and over again. The pageant
especially was a demonstration of Communist poverty in ideas. Kerensky
and his cabinet, Tchernov and the Constituent Assembly, and the storming
of the Winter Palace again served as puppets to bring out in strong
relief the rôle of the Bolsheviki as “saviours of the Revolution.” It
was badly played and poorly staged, and fell flat. To me the celebration
was more like the funeral than the birth of the Revolution.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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