Mycenæ: a narrative of researches and discoveries at Mycenæ and TirynsSchliemann, Heinrich
History
Mycenæ: a narrative of researches and discoveries at Mycenæ and Tiryns
Schliemann, Heinrich
Mycenae (Extinct city); Tiryns (Extinct city)
The list of these objects, and of their ornaments, is on the whole richer
and more diversified than the Poems, with the exception of the famous
Shield of Achilles, would have led us to expect. Possibly a knowledge of
the Mycenean treasures may have prompted or aided a vigorous imagination,
in that wonderful anticipation of excellences which had not been realized
in practice. The most remarkable feature, I think, of all Homer's
delineations of art is the force and reality with which he confers
animation on things inanimate. And perhaps the eye may be struck, in
examining Schliemann's illustrations, with the vigour of life and motion
which asserts itself in many of the Mycenean works, where the delineation
is technically most imperfect. But we cannot compare the text with these
remains alone; we are bound also to avail ourselves of such light as can
be had from Hissarlik, whatever its effect upon our prepossessions or our
arguments. Now I, for one, am struck with the wealth of Mycenæ, and the
comparative poverty of what is probably Troy. I do not mean merely as
to the small number of valuable remains, for this may be due to chance;
though, indeed, fortune, for once renouncing her caprice, seems in both
cases to have obeyed the dictates of archæological justice, and to have
treated Dr. and Mrs. Schliemann as her favourite children. But I mean
that there is far less of _luxe_ in the ornamentation of the works at
Hissarlik; I might, perhaps, say no representation at all of life, except
in the rudest and most barbarous form. There seem to be very good forms
in the gold and silver objects of Hissarlik, but always associated with
plain work; no animal or even vegetable representation calling for notice
from the present point of view, none of the _repoussé_ work, nothing
resembling the (apparently) beautiful cylinder (p. 287), or the elaborate
rings photographed in this volume. How are we to account for this? And
does an argument hence arise, that the Hissarlik remains belong to a
period different from, and anterior to, that which produced the works
at Mycenæ? That the adverse case may be made as strong as possible, let
it be borne in mind that while Homer indicates Orchomenos, and above
all Egyptian Thebes, as the wealthiest cities of his little world, he
seems designedly to assign the very same stage of opulence to Troy,
which he gives to Mycenæ; for he describes by one and the same epithet,
_poluchrusos_, which means gold-abounding, these two cities and these
two alone. Troy has it in _Il._ XVIII. 289. For Mycenæ it was almost a
formula; see _Il._ VII. 180, XI. 46; _Od._ III. 305.
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