In a cave at Kirkdale, in the vale of Pickering, the bones of about three hundred individuals--hyænas--were found mingled with the remains of the mammoth, bear, rhinoceros, deer, cave-lion, brown bear, horse, hare, and other species. Mr. Dawkins,[53] in describing it, says: "The pack of hyænas fell upon reindeer in the winter, and at other times on horses and bisons, and were able to master the hippopotamus, the lion, the slender-nosed rhinoceros, or the straight-tusked elephant, and to carry their bones to their den, where they were found by Dr. Buckland. The hyænas also inhabiting the 'Dukeries,' dragged back to their dens fragments of lion." Notable Quaternary forms (now extinct) on the American continent are the gigantic sloth-like animals _Megatherium_, which reached eighteen feet in length, and _Mylodon_, one species of which (_M. robustus_) was eleven feet in length; Armadillos, such as _Glyptodon_, with a total length of nine feet; _Chlamydotherium_, as big as a rhinoceros; and _Pachytherium_, equalling an ox. In Australia we find marsupial forms as at the present day; but they were gigantic in comparison with the latter. As for example, the _Diprotodon_, which equalled in size a hippopotamus, and the _Nototherium_, as large as a bullock. I may mention a few other species, the remains of which are associated with some of those commented on in the last few pages; but which, as they have undoubtedly continued in existence down to the present period, are external to the present portion of my argument, and are either treated of elsewhere, or need only to be referred to in a few words. [Illustration: FIG. 14.--MYLODON ROBUSTUS. (_After Figuier._)] It must also be borne in mind that the linking together of species by the discovery of intermediate graduated forms, is daily proceeding; so that some even of those spoken of in greater detail may shortly be generally recognised, as at present they are held by a few, to be identical with existing forms. The HIPPOPOTAMUS.--The _Hippopotamus major_, now considered identical with the larger of the two African species--_H. amphibia_, has been found associated with _E. antiquus_ and _R. hemitæchus_ of Falc in Durdham Down and Kirkdale caves, and in those at Kent's Hole and Ravenscliff. It has also been found in river gravels at Grays, Ilford, and elsewhere, in the lower part of the river-border deposits of Amiens with flint implements, and in Quaternary deposits on the continent of Europe. THE CAVE-LION--_Felis spelæa_--is now considered to be merely a variety of the African lion (_Felis leo_), although of larger size; it had a very wide range over Britain and Europe during the Post Pliocene period, as also did the leopard (_F. pardus_) and probably the lynx (_Lyncus_).