Yâḳût, IV. 85. See al-Jawâlîḳî’s _Livre des locutions vicieuses_ (ed. Derenbourg in _Morgenländ. Forschungen_), p. 153. Footnote 200: _Zur vergleichenden Religionsgeschichte_, 1 Art. (_Ausland_ 1872), p. 4. See also 1871, p. 1159. Footnote 201: Compare also the Himyaric proper name Ben Sîn (Halévy, _Études sabéennes_ [_Journal Asiat._ 1874, II. 543]). Footnote 202: Lenormant, _Les premières civilisations_, II. 158. Footnote 203: Schrader, _Die Höllenfahrt der Istar_, p. 45. Footnote 204: _Egypt’s Place in Universal History_, IV. 342. Footnote 205: In his essay on the Egyptian antiquities at the Great Exhibition of 1867 at Paris. Footnote 206: I must explain that the preceding four sections were already written down, before I could get a sight of Kuhn’s essay, which appeared later. Footnote 207: _Ueber Entwickelungsstufen der Mythenbildung_, Berlin 1874; from the _Abhandlungen der königl. Akademie d. Wiss. zu Berlin (phil.-hist. Klasse)_, 1873, pp. 123–137. Footnote 208: _Rude Stone Monuments in all Countries, their Ages and Uses_, London 1872, pp. 9 _et seq._ and 28. Footnote 209: The same is stated of some American tribes by Sir J. Lubbock, _The Origin of Civilisation_, ed. 3, 1875, pp. 273, 306, _et seq._ Footnote 210: Georg Schweinfurth, _The Heart of Africa_, I. p. 200. Footnote 211: But we cannot on this account characterise the Semites generally by the assertions, ‘The Semites are in general a pastoral people,’ ‘the Semites live in tents,’ as Friedrich von Hellwald does in his _Culturgeschichte in ihrer natürlichen Entwickelung_, p. 134. A glance at the sedentary Phenicians and the settled Semites of Mesopotamia shows at once the important exceptions. It must also not be overlooked that agriculture was in practice to no small extent among the Phenicians; even the Romans call a kind of threshing machine, the ‘Punic:’ Varro, _De re rustica_, I. 52; cf. Lowth, _De sacra poesi Hebraeorum_, Oxford 1821, Prael. VII. p. 62. The commerce with Egypt, which von Hellwald brings into prominence, is no sufficient reason why the favourite characterisation of the Semites does not apply to these nations. The Hebrews continued their nomadic life for a long time after they had made intimate acquaintance with Egypt; and the nomadic Arabs were not materially influenced by communication with sedentary nations. Footnote 212: Given by Josephus Langius, _Florilegii magni seu Polyantheae ... libri XXIII._, Lugduni 1681, I. 120, as by Aristophanes; but the author and the translator have searched the works and fragments of Aristophanes in vain. Footnote 213: Ovid also begins with the life of the fields; his golden age is distinguished from the others only in this, that: Ipsa quoque immunis, rastroque intacta, nec ullis Saucia vomeribus, per se dabat omnia tellus; and