Narrative and Critical History of America, Vol. 4 (of 8): French Explorations and Settlements in North America and Those of the Portuguese, Dutch, and Swedes 1500-1700
History
Narrative and Critical History of America, Vol. 4 (of 8): French Explorations and Settlements in North America and Those of the Portuguese, Dutch, and Swedes 1500-1700
America -- Discovery and exploration; America -- History; United States -- History
One of the most interesting of the maps which show the traces and
influence of Verrazano’s voyage is the copper globe known as the
globe of Ulpius, from its maker, Euphrosynus Ulpius, constructed (as
appears by an inscription on it) in 1542. This was found in Spain by
the late Buckingham Smith, and bought for the New York Historical
Society in 1859 by Mr. John D. Wolfe. Mr. Smith prepared a paper on
this globe, which was printed, with a map of the portion relating to
North America, in the _Historical Magazine_ in 1862.[57] Dr. De Costa
published, in the _Magazine of American History_ for January, 1879,
an excellent account of the globe of Ulpius, with a representation
of one hemisphere, which, he says, “without being a fac-simile, is
nevertheless sufficiently correct for historical purposes, and may
be relied upon.”[58] On this globe, between Florida and the “Regio
Baccalearum,” we find this inscription, covering a large extent of
territory: “Verrazana sive Nova Gallia a Verrazano Florentino comperta
anno Sal MD.” (“Verrazana, or New Gaul, discovered by Verrazano the
Florentine, in the year of Salvation MD.”). It will be observed that
the date has been left incomplete.
Other maps showing traces of Verrazano’s voyage are enumerated by Kohl,
Brevoort, and De Costa, the account by the last-named being the latest,
and perhaps the most complete.[59]
* * * * *
The controversy about this letter and voyage of Verrazano has excited
so much interest, that it is well to give a concise summary of Mr.
Murphy’s objections to the genuineness of the voyage, and to consider
with equal brevity some of the replies to these objections, and the
additional evidence for the support of the narrative which has been
discovered since the date of Mr. Murphy’s essay.
The conclusions which Mr. Murphy seeks to establish are set forth in
the following _brief_:—
“That the letter, according to the evidence upon which its existence
is predicated, could not have been written by Verrazzano; that the
instrumentality of the King of France in any such expedition of
discovery as therein described is unsupported by the history of that
country, and is inconsistent with the acknowledged acts of Francis and
his successors, and therefore incredible; and that its description of
the coast and some of the physical characteristics of the people and
of the country are essentially false, and prove that the writer could
not have made them from his own personal knowledge and experience,
as pretended; and, in conclusion, it will be shown that its apparent
knowledge of the direction and extent of the coast was derived from
the exploration of Estévan Gomez, a Portuguese pilot in the service of
the King of Spain; and that Verrazzano, at the time of his pretended
discovery, was actually engaged in a corsairial expedition, sailing
under the French flag, in a different part of the ocean.”[60]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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