Natural & Artificial Sewage TreatmentJones, Alfred Stowell
Science
Natural & Artificial Sewage Treatment
Jones, Alfred Stowell
Sewage
And here I would observe that most of the bad odour into which sewage
farming has fallen of late years is distinctly traceable to the common
absence of sufficient regularly contoured and neatly cut distribution
carriers resulting from parsimony about wages bills natural to the
ratepayers’ representatives in Council, and often to the manager’s
dependence on a borough surveyor’s coming to the farm with his level
and staff for great measures, or on his own guesses for smaller works,
instead of using an instrument to peg out every distribution carrier
at the right moment.
[Sidenote: Attract good labour.]
There is another important outlay of capital to be provided for in
every complete sewage scheme, which should embrace sufficient good
labourers’ houses and gardens in order to attract and retain on the
spot the best class of workers.
[Sidenote: Summary of the experience of a lifetime.]
To sum up the general conclusions to which my experience points, and
which I trust may prove useful to district councillors, they are as
follows:—
1. In works of sewerage, limit and regulate, as far as
possible, the volume of sewage by excluding subsoil
water and clean surface water.
2. Where the outfall sewage enters the disposal works
provide a pair of open catch-pits (or grit-chambers), each
twice as wide as, and 2 feet deeper than the sewer, with
sluices allowing the sewage to pass through one pit at a
time in its free course, while the other pit is being dried
and the deposited detritus dug out. The depth below sewer
invert may be more than 2 feet, and length of catch-pit is
immaterial, but I confine its width to twice that of the
sewer in order to conserve sufficient velocity in the
current to carry forward organic matter, paper, etc., and
leave only clean sand and gravel in these catch-pits.
Continuing the course by open channel (of same width as
outfall sewer), it should expand to five or six times its
width, forming the screening chamber, and thence discharge
into the
3. Depositing tanks. These are best formed in concrete with
smooth surface, with a semicircular level weir from which
the liquid overflows into a semicircular collecting open
carrier leading to the aerobic process on land or contact
bed.
The semicircles above referred to are struck from centre of
the inlet to depositing tank with a radius of 50 feet or
more.
The weir level should be at least 1 inch below that of
invert of inlet, and the depth of tank immediately under
this point should be governed by consideration of the
facility of drawing off the sludge by valve at that depth to
the sludge drying beds by gravitation if possible, or pump
if necessary, and from this sludge emptying valve the smooth
concrete bottom of tank slopes up to the semicircular weir
above described.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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