in the northern parts of the range, I have never seen such aggregations in the South. However, in one instance related to me by a reliable observer, seven cottonmouths were found together on a creek bank near the Gulf Coast in early spring. During late summer and early autumn, fat is deposited in lobes in the lower abdomen in preparation for the period of winter quiescence. Gravid females usually do not feed so frequently or so much as other snakes, because they tend to become inactive as the ova develop. Whether or not females feed heavily after parturition and previous to denning is not known. Peaks of activity in autumn may be caused by final attempts to feed before denning and by the appearance of large numbers of newborn young. The young usually have from one to two months in which to feed before the advent of cold weather. According to Barbour's (_op. cit._:38) findings, the young probably feed before hibernation because they grow substantially in winter. For those that do not feed, the rate of survival is perhaps much lower. In preparation for winter, cottonmouths migrate inland, usually to dry forested hillsides where they den, commonly among rocks at the tops of bluffs, along with several other species of snakes. In such aggregations there is no hostility and each individual may derive benefit from contact with others by which favorable conditions of temperature and humidity are maintained. Neill (1947:204) has found many specimens in winter by tearing bark from rotting pine stumps on hillsides overlooking lakes or streams. On cold days they evidently retreat below the surface, while on warm days they lie just below the bark or emerge and bask. Neill believes that the use of stumps by cottonmouths is an innate pattern of behavior, because of the large number of young-of-the-year found in such surroundings. Cottonmouths were observed in winter also under logs and stumps by Allen (1932:17). I have twice observed cottonmouths crawling into crayfish burrows along the Gulf Coast of Texas, and suppose they are used as denning sites to some extent. The diel cycle of activity of cottonmouths is of necessity closely related to the seasonal cycle. Since optimal temperatures determine activity, the diel cycle varies greatly from time to time. It has been well established that cottonmouths, like most other crotalids and many snakes of other families, prefer nocturnal to diurnal activity, even though the temperature may be less favorable at night. This preference is correlated with increased nocturnal activity of frogs and reptiles that constitute the principal food supply. During spring and autumn, activity is more restricted to the day and long periods of basking occur. However, as hot weather approaches, basking occurs mainly in the morning and evening and activity becomes primarily nocturnal. But, in well shaded, moist forests, cottonmouths feed actively in the daytime.