Evans (_op. cit._) observed 72 matings of _T. carolina_ and divided the process into three phases as follows: 1) circling, pushing and biting by the male; 2) mounting (female with shell closed); and, 3) coition (female with shell open). Penn and Pottharst (1940:26) reported that captive _T. carolina_ in New Orleans mated chiefly under conditions of optimum temperature (21 to 27° C.) and high humidity; some matings took place in a pool of water. Males pushed females about after mating, often rolling them over several times. Because ornate box turtles observed by me were able easily to right themselves from an inverted position on substrata of all kinds, males left lying on their backs after copulation are probably in no danger of perishing in this position, as was suggested by Allard (1939) for _T. carolina_. Insemination Oviducts of several females were flushed by means of a pipette to determine whether they contained sperm. Approximately half of the females captured in May, 1956, had sperm in their oviducts, but females captured in June and July did not. Sperm flushed from the oviducts were in clumps of several hundred and showed no sign of motility a few minutes after the female was anesthetized with chloroform. No sperm were found in the oviducts of immature females but one female of nearly adult size was observed in copulation with a mature male. Thorough examination of microscopic sections of oviduct (taken at various times in the season of activity) usually revealed a few sperm lodged in the folds (Pl. 19, Fig. 8) of the cephalic as well as the caudal portion of the tube, but no specialized seminal receptacles such as occur in snakes (Fox, 1956) were present. Fertilization without reinsemination probably occurs in _T. ornata_. Ewing (1943) and Finneran (1948:126) reported that females of _T. carolina_ produced fertile eggs for periods of four and two years, respectively, after being removed from all contact with males. Sexual Cycle of Males Testes were preserved in each month from April to October. The following description of spermatogenesis is based chiefly on material collected in 1955, although testes were preserved also in 1954. Comparison of material obtained in 1954 and 1955 revealed that spermatogenesis began earlier and was more advanced on any given date in 1955 than in 1954.