Natural History of the Racer Coluber constrictorFitch, Henry S. (Henry Sheldon)
Science
Natural History of the Racer Coluber constrictor
Fitch, Henry S. (Henry Sheldon)
Racer snake
Even though the sets of data cited above are not entirely comparable,
certain trends are evident. The black racers of the eastern states
(especially _C. c. constrictor_ of more northern regions) take a high
proportion of vertebrates in their prey. Among these vertebrates
snakes especially are well represented and the black snake would seem
to be of some importance as an ophiphagous predator. The birds and
mammals taken include some that are bulky (robin, cottontail, and even
a weasel--the most formidable prey eaten). Presumably the rabbits that
were eaten were young. In samples from the eastern United States
insects made up small to insignificant parts of the food; they were
lacking entirely or at least were not mentioned in the samples
examined by McCauley and Wright and Bishop. In the blue racer of the
central states, insects (mostly grasshoppers and crickets) are much
more prominent in the food and vertebrates correspondingly less
prominent. The vertebrates eaten are largely lizards, small snakes and
mice. _C. c. stejnegerianus_ is much like _flaviventris_ in the trend
of its feeding. _C. c. mormon_ is less known than these subspecies in
its feeding, but indications are that it takes a higher proportion of
orthopteran insects and smaller proportions of mammals and snakes than
do any of the other subspecies.
In my own field study a total of 1357 food records were accumulated,
one of the largest samples known for any kind of snake. Most of these
records were from the small area where my population study was carried
on, and studies of other kinds of animals, including those that were
the racer's prey, were simultaneously in progress. Because large
collections of reference materials were available, it was possible to
identify to species many of the prey items found, even though they
were incomplete and highly fragmented because most of them were
recovered from fecal material.
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