Neotropical Hylid Frogs, Genus SmiliscaDuellman, William Edward
Science
Neotropical Hylid Frogs, Genus Smilisca
Duellman, William Edward
Amphibians -- Central America; Frogs; Smilisca
The dorsal ground-color of _Smilisca sordida_ is gray to pale tan or
reddish brown; the venter is white. The dorsum is variously marked with
dark gray, dark brown, reddish brown, or olive-green spots or blotches
(Pl. 7C). A dark interorbital bar usually is present. The dorsal
markings on the body usually consist of a blotch, or two or more spots,
on the occiput, in the scapular region, and in the sacral region. In
many specimens, especially females, these markings are in the form of
broad transverse bars. A female (USC 7164) from Las Canas, Guanacaste,
Costa Rica, has a tan dorsum with many black flecks and round brown
spots bordered by darker brown. One female (KU 91763) from the Rio
Jorco, San Jose, Costa Rica, has a unicolor tan dorsum. Some individuals
have scattered, small white spots on the dorsum; these are most evident
in a male (USC 7153) from La Fortuna, Alajuela. White labial stripes and
anal stripes are absent in all specimens.
The limbs are marked by dark brown transverse bars; these are indistinct
in some specimens from the Meseta Central and Caribbean lowlands,
whereas they are distinct in all specimens from the Pacific lowlands.
Specimens from the Caribbean lowlands have two to six bars on each
shank, whereas specimens from the Pacific slopes have four to six bars
on each shank, and specimens from the Meseta Central have as many as
eight bars on each shank. A narrow, sometimes broken white line is
present on the ventrolateral edge of the forearm. The webbing on the
hand is tan or pale gray, and the ventral surfaces of the tarsi and the
webbing on the feet are dark gray or brown. Breeding males have dark
brown nuptial excrescences on the prepollex.
The flanks and posterior surfaces of the thighs usually are marked by
bluish white and creamy tan flecks, respectively, but vary considerably.
In specimens from the Caribbean lowlands a small amount of flecking is
present in the inguinal region, and on the posterior surfaces of the
thighs flecks are few or absent. In specimens from the Meseta Central,
numerous large flecks or small, round spots (pale bluish white in life)
are on the posterior half of the flanks; small flecks are on the
posterior surfaces of the thighs. Specimens from the Pacific slopes and
lowlands of southern Costa Rica (Puntarenas and San Jose Provinces) have
bold mottling of black and bluish white on the flanks and many bluish
white flecks on the posterior surfaces of the thighs. The flanks are
reticulated from the axilla to the groin in two females (UMMZ 123684 and
USC 7236) from Rincon, Peninsula de Osa. In specimens from the Pacific
slopes of Guanacaste in northwestern Costa Rica, flecks are present in
the inguinal region; indistinct flecks are on the posterior surfaces of
the thighs.
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