Niebuhr's lectures on Roman history, Vol. 1 (of 3)Niebuhr, Barthold Georg
History
Niebuhr's lectures on Roman history, Vol. 1 (of 3)
Niebuhr, Barthold Georg
Rome -- History
There was between Rome and Alba a ditch, _fossa Cluilia_ or _Cloelia_;
and moreover there must have been a tradition that here the Albans had
pitched their camp. In Livy and Dionysius we find it mentioned, that
a general of the Albans, Cluilius, had given it this name, and had
also died in that spot. The latter circumstance must have been told
to account for the general being afterwards a different man, Mettius
Fuffetius, and yet that it should be still possible to connect the
name of that ditch with the Albans. The two states commit the issue
of the feud to single combat. Dionysius says that the traditions were
not unanimous, as to whether the Roman champions were called Horatii
or Curiatii; yet he as well as Livy gives them the name of Horatii,
in all likelihood, because the larger number of the annalists so had
it. Who, without that passage of Dionysius, would have guessed any
thing of that uncertainty? The combat of the three twin-born children
is symbolical of both the states being at that time divided into three
tribes. Attempts have indeed been made to clear away the improbability
by denying the triple birth,--one of them is even mentioned as the
youngest; yet the legend goes still farther, the brothers being said to
have been the sons of two sisters, and to have been born on the same
day. This is to represent the absolute equality between Rome and Alba.
The issue was the complete subjection of Alba. Yet Alba did not remain
faithful. In the struggle with the Etruscans which followed, Mettius
Fuffetius shows himself a traitor to Rome; but he is prevented from
executing his plan, and afterwards falls on the fugitive Etruscans;
Tullus by way of punishment caused him to be torn in pieces, and
Alba to be demolished; and the most distinguished Alban clans were
transferred to Rome.
Equally poetical is the legend of the death of Tullus. He foolishly
undertakes conjurations like Numa, and thereby draws the thunderbolt
upon his own head.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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