Niebuhr's lectures on Roman history, Vol. 1 (of 3)Niebuhr, Barthold Georg
History
Niebuhr's lectures on Roman history, Vol. 1 (of 3)
Niebuhr, Barthold Georg
Rome -- History
The Siculians are the same as those whom Cato calls _Aborigines_.
This name is interpreted γενάρχαι, ancestors; or also, wanderers,
_aberrigines_; and likewise those who are from the very beginning,
_ab origine_. The nominative singular, according to the Latin idiom,
must have been _aboriginus_. There was a tradition that Latium
had originally been inhabited by _Autochthones_; but Cato and C.
Sempronius[47] said, that the aborigines had emigrated from Achaia,
by which was meant the whole of the Peloponnesus, then named by the
Romans Achaia. Others called the different places which were formerly
termed Siculian, Argive; and Cato had done that with regard to Tibur
itself. Argos and Larissa are Pelasgian names, which we meet with
wherever there are Pelasgians;--Argos probably meaning town, and
Larissa borough. As long as the Peloponnesus was Pelasgian, it was
called Argos; even so was Thessaly. In this meaning the Argives are
Pelasgians, and the Ἀργεῖοι Πελασγοί are in the old tragedy always named
in conjunction. The one was most likely the general, and the other the
special appellation.
Hesiod says of Latinus, πᾶσι Τυῤῥηνοῖσιν ἀγακλειτοῖσιν ἀνάσσει.
All that we know of the Latins is this, that they had a number of
towns from Tibur to the river Tiber. How far they extended in the
earliest time to the Liris is lost in obscurity. Cato (in Priscian)
says, that the plain of the Volscians formerly belonged to the
aborigines; certainly all the towns along the coast were at an early
period Tyrrhenian, as Antium, Circeii, and many others. At that time,
therefore, the name of Latium spread far, and so late as immediately
after the Roman kings, even to Campania; it having been first limited
in consequence of the great popular migrations soon after the expulsion
of the kings. Hesiod of course refers to the earlier time. In the
treaty of Rome with Carthage, the coast beyond Terracina, probably as
far as Cumæ, was called Latium, and the inhabitants Latins.
By the Greeks the Pelasgian inhabitants of the whole western coast of
Italy were called Tyrrhenians; by the Latins, _Turini_, _Tusci_, i. e.
_Tusici_ from _Tusus_, or _Turus_; for _s_ in the ancient language
stands for _r_, as in _Fusius_ for _Furius_.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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