Niebuhr's lectures on Roman history, Vol. 1 (of 3)Niebuhr, Barthold Georg
History
Niebuhr's lectures on Roman history, Vol. 1 (of 3)
Niebuhr, Barthold Georg
Rome -- History
More historically important on the other hand is the difference of
opinion between the two brothers concerning the building of the city,
and the spot on which it is to be founded. According to the old legend,
both are equally heads of the colony, both of them kings. Romulus is
generally stated to have wished to build on the Palatine; and Remus is
said by some to have decided in favour of the Aventine, by others, of
the Remuria. This is, according to Plutarch, a hill three miles south
of Rome, and can be no other than the eminence which lies obliquely
from St. Paul’s; and this is the more likely, as this hill, though in
a country elsewhere very unhealthy, is remarkable for the healthiness
of the air,--a very important consideration in researches concerning
the old Latin towns; as it may safely be inferred, that where the air
is now wholesome, it was also the same at that time, and that where
it is now unwholesome, it was then no better. The general account of
tradition is that a quarrel had arisen between Romulus and Remus, as
to which of the two should give the name to the city, as well as where
it was to be built. Without doubt there also existed therefore on that
hill a town called Remuria; and at a subsequent period we find this
name transferred to the Aventine, as was so often done. According to
the common story, Auguries were to decide the matter. Romulus watched
on the Palatine, Remus on the Aventine. The latter watched the whole
of the night, but saw nothing; towards sunrise he saw six vultures
flying from the north to the south, and he sent word to Romulus. But
his brother, vexed that no sign had appeared to him, fraudulently
sent him a message that he had seen twelve vultures; and in fact, at
the very moment when the messenger of Romulus reached Remus, twelve
vultures made their appearance, and these he claimed for himself. This
is, however, impossible; for as the Palatine and the Aventine lie so
near each other, every Roman only knew too well, that whatever any one
saw high in the air on either of the two mountains, could not in any
way escape notice on the other. The legend cannot therefore be old: it
is only to be upheld by substituting Remuria for the Aventine. As the
Palatine was the seat of the noblest patrician tribe, and the Aventine
exclusively the city of the plebeians, there reigned between the two
an undying enmity; and thus in aftertimes that scene was transferred
from the Remuria, which was far off from the city, to the Aventine.
According to Ennius, the Aventine was the very spot from which Romulus
watched the heavens, so that the station of Remus must have been at
Remuria, and Romulus, when he had observed the Augury, threw his
javelin towards the Palatine. This is the old tradition which the
later authors neglected. He takes possession of the Palatine. That the
javelin took root, and grew into a tree which stood to the time of
Nero, is symbolical of the imperishableness of the new city, and of the
help of the gods.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
Reviews
Reviews
No reviews yet
Be the first to share your thoughts on this work.
Elsewhere in the archive
Join the Discussion
Join the discussion
Sign in to leave a comment or review.
Sign InorCreate an account