XI. THE FOUNDATIONS OF NATIVE SOCIETY—THE ADMINISTRATIVE MACHINERY 145 XII. THE PRESERVATION OF THE NATIONAL LIFE 151 XIII. A PAGE OF HISTORY AND ITS MORAL 155 XIV. A SCHEME OF NATIONAL EDUCATION 160 XV. COMMERCIAL DEVELOPMENT 166 XVI. MINING DEVELOPMENT AND THE BAUCHI PLATEAU 175 XVII. THE NECESSITY OF AMALGAMATING THE TWO PROTECTORATES 187 XVIII. RAILWAY POLICY AND AMALGAMATION 194 XIX. AN UNAUTHORIZED SCHEME OF AMALGAMATION 201 PART IV ISLAM, COTTON GROWING, AND THE LIQUOR TRAFFIC I. CHRISTIANITY AND ISLAM IN SOUTHERN NIGERIA 213 II. THE COTTON INDUSTRY 222 III. THE COTTON INDUSTRY—_continued_ 232 IV. THE LIQUOR TRAFFIC IN SOUTHERN NIGERIA 245 INDEX 263 LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS A BORGU CANOE-MAN _Frontispiece_ _Photo by Mr. E. Firmin (Copyright)_ FACING PAGE “THROUGH PLAIN AND VALLEY AND MOUNTAIN SIDE” 6 “WE HAVE TREKKED TOGETHER” 6 A GROUP OF TUAREGS 8 A BORNU OX 8 “MAGNIFICENT SPECIMENS OF THE VEGETABLE KINGDOM” 10 DUG-OUT ON THE KADUNA MANNED BY NUPES 30 “SILHOUETTING PERCHANCE A GROUP OF PALMS” 30 THE HOE-DANCERS (THE HOE-DANCE IS A HAUSA AGRICULTURAL DANCE OF GREAT ANTIQUITY) 34 THE “JAFFI” OR MOUNTED SALUTE 36 _Photo by Captain Mance._ THE EMIR OF ZARIA 38 THE EMIR OF KATSINA 38 JU-JU ISLAND NEAR JEBBA 46 _Photo by Mr. E. Firmin (Copyright)_ SHIPPING PALM OIL ON THE NIGER AT HIGH WATER 46 THE TROPICAL BUSH 56 ONE OF THE COMMUNAL RUBBER PLANTATIONS (FUNTUMIA ELASTICA) BENIN CITY 66 _Photo by Mr. A. H. Unwin._ A SCENE IN YORUBALAND 66 _Photo by Mr. A. H. Unwin._