of education which shall not anglicize; in technical instruction; in assisting and encouraging agriculture, local industries and scientific forestry; in introducing labour-saving appliances, and in strengthening all that is best, materially and spiritually, in aboriginal institutions, the highest duties of our Imperial rule. A school of thought whose aim it is to see Nigeria, at least, become in time the home of highly-trained African peoples, protected in their property and in their rights by the paramount Power, proud of their institutions, proud of their race, proud of their own fertile and beautiful land. E. D. MOREL. _August, 1911._ CONTENTS CHAPTER PAGE PART I THOUGHTS ON TREK I. ON WHAT HAS BEEN AND MAY BE 3 II. ON THE GREAT WHITE ROAD 8 III. ON THE CARRIER 14 IV. ON AFRICAN MODESTY AND AFRICAN COURTESY 19 V. ON THE MEANING OF “RELIGIOUS” 24 VI. A RAGOÛT OF THINGS SEEN AND FELT 29 VII. THE SALLAH AT ZARIA 35 PART II SOUTHERN NIGERIA I. NIGERIA’S CLAIM UPON PUBLIC ATTENTION 45 II. THE NIGER DELTA 49 III. THE FOREST BELT 56 IV. THE CENTRAL AND EASTERN PROVINCES 62 V. LAGOS AND ITS PORT—THE FUTURE BOMBAY OF WEST AFRICA 71 VI. THE YORUBAS AND THEIR COUNTRY 76 VII. BRITISH POLICY IN YORUBALAND 82 PART III NORTHERN NIGERIA I. THE NATURAL HIGHWAY TO THE UPLANDS OF THE NORTH 91 II. NORTHERN NIGERIA PRIOR TO THE BRITISH OCCUPATION 98 III. THE INDIGENOUS CIVILIZATION OF THE NORTH 103 IV. THE LIFE OF THE PEOPLE—THE LONG-DISTANCE TRADER 107 V. THE LIFE OF THE PEOPLE—THE AGRICULTURIST 111 VI. THE LIFE OF THE PEOPLE—THE HERDSMAN AND THE ARTISAN 118 VII. THE CITY OF KANO AND ITS MARKET 123 VIII. A VISIT TO THE EMIR OF KANO 130 IX. GOVERNING ON NATIVE LINES 136 X. THE FOUNDATIONS OF NATIVE SOCIETY—THE TENURE OF LAND 140