Notes and Letters on the Natural History of Norfolk: More Especially on the Birds and FishesBrowne, Thomas, Sir
History
Notes and Letters on the Natural History of Norfolk: More Especially on the Birds and Fishes
Browne, Thomas, Sir
Natural history -- England -- Norfolk
[27] The last of the Norfolk and therefore certainly the last of
the British-bred Bustards, was killed in May, 1838; those which
have since occurred in this country were Continental immigrants. An
exhaustive history of the extinction of this bird will be found in
Stevenson's "Birds of Norfolk," vols. 2 and 3. The Bustard,
although found in some numbers, associated in small flocks or
"droves" in the few localities which it frequented in Great
Britain, was probably never a very numerous species. The following
extract from one of Browne's letters to his son Edward, dated April
30th, and written probably in 1681, shows that he was on the verge
of discovering an anatomical peculiarity in this family of birds,
which in after years gave rise to much controversy. He says,
"yesterday I had a cock Bustard sent me from beyond Thetford. I
never did see such a vast thick neck: the crop was pulled out, butt
as [a] turkey hath an odde large substance without, so hath this
within the inside of the skinne, and the strongest and largest
neckbone of any bird in England. This I tell you, that if you meet
with one you may further observe it." The presence of a gular pouch
in the Bustard was first demonstrated by James Douglas, a Scotch
Physician, in 1740, and it appears to be fully developed only in
the adult male bird, and at the breeding season. Hence, although it
has undoubtedly been found on several occasions, the frequent
unsuccessful searches for it under unfavourable conditions led to
much scepticism as to its existence. The use of this singular
appendage is still a moot point, but it seems probable that it has
to do with "voice production," and assists in the remarkable
"showing off" exhibited by the male bird in the breeding season.
Pennant, in his "British Zoology," 1768, i., p. 215, gives a
sentimental account of its use, and an exaggerated estimate of its
proportions. In the Tables of Dietary referred to at p. 6 (note)
_ante_, the Bustard is mentioned as in season from October to May.
Morinellus or Dotterell[28] about Thetford & the champain wch comes vnto
us in september & march staying not long. & is an excellent dish.
[28] The Dotterel visits us much as in Sir T. Browne's time, but in
decreased numbers. The Sea Dotterel which Wilkin supposes to be the
Ring Plover, is undoubtedly the Turnstone. Willughby says, "Our
honoured Friend, Sir Thomas Browne, of Norwich, sent us the picture
of this bird by the title of the Sea Dotterel." This is also
mentioned in the fifth letter to Merrett. See "Birds of Norfolk,"
ii., p. 82, for an interesting account of Dotterel hawking near
Thetford by James I. in the year 1610.
There is also a sea dotterell somewhat lesse butt better coloured then
the former.
Godwyts taken chiefly in marshland, though other parts not without them
accounted the dayntiest dish in England & I think for the bignesse, of
the biggest price.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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