4. It is in fact the Anglo-Saxon _gerad_, which is both substantive and adjective. As a substantive it means condition, arrangement, plan, reason, &c. As an adjective, it means prudent, well-prepared, expert, exact, &c. The _ge_ (Gothic _ga_) is merely the intensive prefix; the root being _rad_ or _rath_. The form in _ly_ (adjective or adverb), without the prefix _g_, appears in the Anglo-Saxon _raedlic_, prudent, expert; _raedlice_, expertly. This interesting root, which appears as _re_, _ra_, _red_, _rad_, _rath_, &c.; sometimes by transposition, as _er_, _ar_, _erd_, &c. (perhaps also as _reg_, _rag_, _erg_, _arc_, &c.), seems to represent the nobler qualities of man: thought, reason, counsel, speech, deliberate action; and perhaps, also, government. Thus in the Semitic family of languages we have the radicals _raa_ (saw, foresaw, counselled); _radha_ (helped, ruled); _rathad_ (arranged); _rato_ (directed, instructed); and others, with their numerous derivatives. The Indo-European family gives us, in Sanscrit, _ra_ or _rae_ (ponder, experience); _rat_ (speak); _radh_ (accomplish); _raj_ (excel); _ragh_ (attain, reach); and others, with derivatives. In Greek, _rheo_ (speak), transp. _ero_ or _wero_ (whence _verbum_, _wort_, _word_); _rhero_ or _rhedo_ (do), transp. _erdo_, also _ergo_ (whence _werke_, _work_); _archo_ (rule), and others, with derivatives. In Latin, _reor_ (think), whence _ratus_ and _ratio_ (reason); _res_ (thing, action); _rego_ (rule), with derivatives (_rex_, _regula_, _rectus_, &c.). In Celtic (Welsh), _rhe_ (active); _rheswm_ (reason); _rhaith_ (judgment, right); _rhi_ (prince); _rhag_ (van, before). In Sclavonic, _rada_, _rade_ (counsel); _redian_ (to direct), &c. In the Teutonic dialects (Gothic, Anglo-Saxon, German, Dutch, Swedish, Danish, Icelandic, Scotch, and English) the forms of this root are very numerous. Thus we have, in Anglo-Saxon, _rad_, _raed_ (counsel); _raedlich_, _grad_, as above, whence _geradien_ (to prepare), and other words. In German, _rede_ (discourse); _rath_ (counsel); _reden_ (to speak); _regel_ (a rule); _recht_ (right); _gerecht_ (just); _gerade_ (exactly), &c.; _bereiten_ (prepare), &c. In English, _ready_, _read_, _rule_, _right_, _riddle_, _reason_, _rather_, to which we must add _gradely_. In Scotch, _red_, _rede_, _rade_, _rath_, &c., with the words mentioned above; of which _graith_ (furniture) is the German _geraeth_. Your readers will derive much information on this class of words by reference to Jamieson, under _red_, _rede_, _rath_, _graith_, &c. BENJ. H. KENNEDY. Shrewsbury, Oct. 19.