Notes and Queries, Number 80, May 10, 1851: A Medium of Inter-communication for Literary Men, Artists, Antiquaries, Genealogists, etc.Various
History
Notes and Queries, Number 80, May 10, 1851: A Medium of Inter-communication for Literary Men, Artists, Antiquaries, Genealogists, etc.
Various
Questions and answers -- Periodicals
In reply to F. H., I beg leave to state that Obeism is not in itself a
religion, except in the sense in which Burke says that "superstition is the
religion of feeble minds." It is a belief, real or pretended, in the
efficacy of certain spells and incantations, and is to the uneducated negro
what sorcery was to our unenlightened forefathers. This superstition is
known in St. Lucia by the name of _Kembois_. It is still extensively
practised in the West Indies, but there is no reason to suppose that it is
rapidly gaining ground. F. H. will find ample information on the subject in
Pere Labat's _Nouveau Voyage aux Isles francaises de l'Amerique_, tome ii.
p. 59., and tome iv. pp. 447. 499. and 506., edition of 1742; in Bryan
Edwards' _History of the West Indies_, vol. ii. ch. iii., 5th edition
(London, 1819); and in Dr. R. R. Madden's _Residence in the West Indies_,
vol. ii. letter 27. Perhaps the following particulars from Bryan Edwards
(who says he is indebted for them to a Mr. Long) on the etymology of
_obeah_, may be acceptable to some of your readers:--
"The term _obeah_, _obiah_, or _obia_, (for it is variously written,)
we conceive to be the adjective, and _obe_ or _obi_, the noun
substantive; and that by the word _obia_--men or women--is meant those
who practise _obi_. The origin of the term we should consider as of no
importance, in our answer to the question proposed, if, in search of
it, we were not led to disquisitions that are highly gratifying to
curiosity. From the learned Mr. Bryant's commentary upon the word
_oph_, we obtain a very probable etymology of the term. 'A serpent, in
the Egyptian language, was called _ob_ or _aub_.' '_Obion_ is still the
Egyptian name for a serpent.' 'Moses, in the name of God, forbids the
Israelites ever to inquire of the demon _Ob_, which is translated in
our Bible, charmer or wizard, divinator aut sorcilegus.' 'The woman at
Endor is called _oub_ or _ob_, translated Pythonissa; and _oubaois_ (he
cites from _Horus Apollo_) was the name of the Basilisk or Royal
Serpent, emblem of the sun, and an ancient oracular deity of Africa.'"
One of your correspondents has formed a substantive from _obe_ by the
addition of _ism_, and another from _obeah_ by the same process; but it
will be seen by the above quotation that there is no necessity for that
obtrusive termination, the superstitious practice in question being already
sufficiently described by the word _obe_ or _obi_.
HENRY H. BREEN.
St. Lucia, March, 1851.
* * * * *
SAN MARINO.
(Vol. iii., p. 321.)
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