Notes and Queries, Vol. III, Number 83, May 31, 1851: A Medium of Inter-communication for Literary Men, Artists, Antiquaries, Genealogists, etc.Various
History
Notes and Queries, Vol. III, Number 83, May 31, 1851: A Medium of Inter-communication for Literary Men, Artists, Antiquaries, Genealogists, etc.
Various
Questions and answers -- Periodicals
For myself, I can say that this word "alway" was, from the first, the
great difficulty with me--and the more I became convinced of the studied
meaning with which Chaucer chose his other expressions, the less
satisfied I was with this; and the more convinced I felt that the whole
line had been corrupted.
In advocating the restoration of the reading which I have already
suggested as the original meaning of Chaucer, I shall begin by
establishing the _probability_ of his having intended to mark the moon's
place by associating her rising with that of a known fixed star--a
method of noting phenomena frequently resorted to in ancient astronomy.
For that purpose I shall point out another instance wherein Chaucer
evidently intended an application of the same method for the purpose of
indicating a particular position of the heavens; but first it must
noted, that in alluding to the Zodiac, he always refers _to the signs_,
never to the constellations--in fact, he does not appear to recognise
the latter at all! Thus, in that palpable allusion to the precession of
the equinoxes, in the Frankeleine's Tale--
"He knew ful wel how fer Alnath was shove
From the hed of thilke fixe Aries above:"
--by _the hed of Aries_, Chaucer did not mean the os frontis of the Ram,
whereon Alnath still shines conspicuously, but the equinoctial point,
from which Alnath _was shove_ by the extent of a whole sign.
This being premised, I return to the indication of a point in the
ecliptic by the coincident rising of a star; and I contend that such was
plainly Chaucer's intention in those lines of the Squire's Tale wherein
King Cambuscan is described as rising from the feast:--
"Phebus hath left the angle meridional,
And yet ascending was the beste real,
The gentle Leon, _with his Aldryan_."
Which means that _the sign_ Leo was then in the horizon--the precise
degree being marked by the coincident rising of the star Aldryan.
Speght's explanation of "Aldryan," in which he has been copied by Urry
and Tyrwhitt, is--"a star in the neck of the Lion." What particular star
he may have meant by this, does not appear; nor am I at present within
reach of probable sources wherein his authority, if he had any, might be
searched for and examined; but I have learned to feel such confidence in
Chaucer's significance of description, that I have no hesitation in
assuming, until authority for a contrary inference shall be produced,
that by the star "Aldryan" he meant REGULUS, not the neck, but the
heart, of the Lion--
1st. Because it is the most remarkable star in the sign Leo.
2nd. Because it was, in Chaucer's time, as it now is, nearly upon the
line of the ecliptic.
3rd. Because its situation in longitude, about two-thirds in the sign
Leo, just tallies with Chaucer's expression "_yet_ ascending,"--that is,
one-third of the sign was still below the horizon.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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