The molars, or back teeth, are similar to those of the horse, only they are smaller and not so smooth on their upper surface. The ox has twenty-four molars or back teeth, and eight incisors or front teeth, making thirty-two in all. The Gullet of the ox is much larger than that of the horse. The Oesophagus or tube, which carries the food down from the mouth to the stomach is well developed, the fibers in it being very strong and possessing a double action. When the animal is eating they carry the food from the mouth to the stomach, and when chewing the cud they act the very opposite, carrying the food from the stomach back into the mouth. THE STOMACH.--The student will do well to give some time to the study of this important organ of the ox, as it is very frequently the seat of disease. The stomach has a capacity of fifty-two gallons and is divided into four separate and distinct compartments: the Rumen or Paunch, the Reticulum or Honey Comb, the Omasum or Many-plies, and the Abomasum or the true Stomach. In the first three of these the food undergoes a sort of preparatory process, while in the fourth the process of digestion is complete. The Rumen or paunch is very large, and in an aged animal fills three-quarters of the abdominal cavity. It lies up against the left side of the wall of the abdomen, where it is attached and held to its place by the ligaments. Its situation being an important matter, as many diseases of the rumen, or paunch, are first noticed on the left side. Tapping for bloating is always done on the left side because of this fact. The walls of the paunch of an ox resemble those of the stomach of the horse, but are not so sensitive, and stand a great deal of abuse before inflammation sets in. The paunch has two openings, both of which are at the front; through one the food enters, while through the other it passes out into the next division. The Reticulum, or honey comb, is the smallest division and resembles a honey comb in appearance. This part has little to do with preparing the food. It is provided with two openings, one in front, where the food enters, the other at the back, where it passes through into the third division. In the reticulum, or honey comb, the food is softened further by the water that the animal drinks which passes directly into the second division. The food is here pressed into balls and prepared to be forced back into the mouth to be further masticated. The Omasum, or many-plies, is the second largest division of the stomach. When full it is ovoid in shape. It is placed just behind the second division and at the right side of the paunch. The inside is full of folds, or layers of membrane, into which all the coarse parts of the food pass and roll about until it is fine and well prepared to pass into the last division. When this part of the stomach becomes deranged and the food becomes dry and hard between the folds, the disease called impaction of the many-plies, or dry murrain, is the result.