The Abomasum, or fourth stomach, is the true digestive part. In it the food is completely digested. The walls are redder in color than those of the three first divisions and contain the glands which secrete the acids and gastric juices. This stomach has two openings, one through which the food enters and the other through which it passes into the small bowels. The Bowels, or intestines, of the ox are divided into large and small bowels. This, together with their structure and action resembles that of the horse. The small bowels are only half the size of the horse, being about one-half inch in diameter, and about one hundred and fifty feet in length. The large bowels are not nearly so long as those of the horse and are thirty-five feet in length. The Liver of the ox resembles that of the horse, except that it is provided with a gall bladder which resembles a pear in shape. This acts as a sac in which to store the gall during the time it is not required in digestion. When digestion is going on the wall of the gall sac contracts and forces the gall down to the food. The other glands, the pancreas and spleen, resemble those of the horse. The juices from these glands have the same action in cattle as they have in the horse. RUMINATION, OR CHEWING THE CUD.--Food when first taken into the mouth of a ruminant is but lightly masticated and mixed with the saliva from the salivary glands, after which it is swallowed, passing through the oesophagus into the rumen or paunch (first stomach). This division acts as a reservoir or storehouse for food thus eaten quickly. When the animal has time, so to speak, he lies down or stands quietly and completes the process of mastication of his food by chewing the cud. This peculiar act is performed as follows: After being softened and moistened by warmth, the food passes from the rumen or paunch into the second division--the reticulum, honey comb or second stomach. In this small globe-like compartment the food is moistened and compressed into pellets--the cud. By a peculiar reverse action of the oesophagus or gullet these pellets are taken back into the mouth for further mastication or chewing. When re-mastication is completed it is again swallowed, but this time it passes directly into the omasum, many-plies or third stomach, and thence to the fourth or true stomach.