Novum organon renovatum: Being the second part of the philosophy of the inductive sciencesWhewell, William
Philosophy
Novum organon renovatum: Being the second part of the philosophy of the inductive sciences
Whewell, William
Science -- Philosophy
2. Since the advantage of indigenous over learned terms, or the
contrary, depends upon the balance of the capacity of inflexion and
composition on the one hand, against a ready and clear significance
on the other, it is evident that the employment of scientific terms
of the one class or of the other may very properly be extremely
different in different languages. The German possesses in a very
eminent degree that power of composition and derivation, which in
English can hardly be exercised at all, in a formal manner. Hence
German scientific writers use native terms to a far greater extent
than do our own authors. The descriptive terminology of botany, and
even the systematic nomenclature of chemistry, are represented by
the Germans by means of German roots and inflexions. Thus the
description of _Potentilla anserina_, in English botanists, is that
it has _Leaves interruptedly pinnate_, _serrate_, _silky_, _stem
creeping_, _stalks axilllar_, _one-flowered_. Here we have words of
Saxon and Latin origin mingled pretty equally. But the German
description is entirely Teutonic. _Die Blume in Achsel_; _die
Blätter unterbrochen gefiedert_, _die Blättchen scharf gesagt_, _die
Stämme kriechend_, _die Bluthenstiele einblumig_. We could imitate
this in our own language, by saying _brokenly-feathered_,
_sharp-sawed_; by using _threed_ for _ternate_, as the Germans
employ _gedreit_; by saying {321} _fingered-feathered_ for
_digitato-pinnate_, and the like. But the habit which we have, in
common as well as scientific language, of borrowing words from the
Latin for new cases, would make such usages seem very harsh and
pedantic.
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