Novum organon renovatum: Being the second part of the philosophy of the inductive sciencesWhewell, William
Philosophy
Novum organon renovatum: Being the second part of the philosophy of the inductive sciences
Whewell, William
Science -- Philosophy
such a vehicle felt: and thus that essential condition of the
progress of knowledge, of which we are here speaking, existed; while
it was left to the succeeding speculators to put this unwritten Rule
in the form of a verbal Statute.
10. Men are often prone to consider it as a thoughtless _omission_
of an essential circumstance, and as a _neglect_ which involves some
blame, when knowledge thus assumes a form in which Definitions, or
rather Conceptions, are implied but are not expressed. But in such a
judgment, they assume _that_ to be a matter of choice requiring
attention only, which is in fact as difficult and precarious as any
other portion of the task of discovery. To _define_, so that our
Definition shall have any scientific value, requires no small
portion of that sagacity by which truth is detected. As we have
already said, Definitions and Propositions are co-ordinate in their
use and in their origin. In many cases, perhaps in most, the
Proposition which contains a scientific truth, is apprehended with
confidence, but with some vagueness and vacillation, before it is
put in a positive, distinct, and definite form.--It is thus known to
be true, before it can be enunciated in terms each of which is
rigorously defined. The business of Definition is part of the
business of discovery. When it has been clearly seen what ought to
be our Definition, it {40} must be pretty well known what truth we
have to state. The Definition, as well as the discovery, supposes a
decided step in our knowledge to have been made. The writers on
Logic in the middle ages, made Definition the last stage in the
progress of knowledge; and in this arrangement at least, the history
of science, and the philosophy derived from the history, confirm
their speculative views. If the Explication of our Conceptions ever
assume the form of a Definition, this will come to pass, not as an
arbitrary process, or as a matter of course, but as the mark of one
of those happy efforts of sagacity to which all the successive
advances of our knowledge are owing.
SECT. III.--_Use of Axioms._
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