CHAPTER XXV.--Voyage of Jacques Cartier--Maritime Projects of Francis I. of France--Gulf of St Lawrence--A Quick Trip Home--Second Voyage--Canada, Quebec, Montreal--A Captive King--Voyage of Sir Hugh Willoughby and Richard Chancellor--Discovery of Nova Zembla--Disastrous Winter--Fate of the Expedition--Martin Frobisher--His Voyage in Quest of a Northwest Passage--Greenland--Labrador--Frobisher's Straits--Exchange of Captives--Supposed Discovery of Gold--Second Voyage--A Cargo of Precious Earth taken on Board--Meta Incognita--Third Voyage--A Mortifying Conclusion 245 CHAPTER XXVI.--Origin of English Piracy--Sir John Hawkins--Francis Drake--His First Voyage to the Spanish Main--Commission granted by Queen Elizabeth--Expedition against the Spanish Possessions--Exploits at Mogador and Santiago--Crossing the Line--Arrival in Patagonia--Trial and Execution of Doughty--Passage through Magellan's Strait--Adventures of William Pitcher and Seven Men--Cape Horn--Arrival at Valparaiso--Rifling of a Catholic Church 256 CHAPTER XXVII.--Drake's Exploit with a Sleeping Spaniard--His Achievements at Callao--Battle with a Treasure-Ship--Drake gives a Receipt for her Cargo--Indites a Touching Epistle--His Plans for Returning Home--Fresh Captures--Performances at Guatulco and Acapulco--Drake dismisses his Pilot--Exceeding Cold Weather--Drake regarded as a God by the Californians--Sails for the Moluccas--Visits Ternate and Celebes--The Pelican upon a Reef--The Return Voyage--Protest of the Spanish Ambassador--He styles Drake the Master-Thief of the Unknown World--Queen Elizabeth on board the Pelican--Drake's Use of his Fortune--His Death--The Voyage of John Davis to the Northwest 267 CHAPTER XXVIII.--Policy of Queen Elizabeth--Thomas Cavendish--His First Voyage--Exploits upon the African and Brazilian Coasts--Port Desire--Port Famine--Battles with the Araucanians--Capture of Paita--Robbery of a Church--Repeated Acts of Brigandage--Capture of the Santa Anna--The Return Voyage--Cavendish's Account of the Expedition--The Spanish Armada--Preparations in England--The Conflict--Total Rout of the Invincibles--Procession in Commemoration of the Event 276 CHAPTER XXIX.--The Fiction of El Dorado--Manoa--Description of its Fabled Splendors--Attempts of the Spaniards to Discover it--Sir Walter Raleigh--His Voyage to Guiana--His Account of the Orinoco--His Description of the Scenery--His Return--His Second Voyage--Expedition to Newfoundland--His Death--Modern Interpretation of the Legend of El Dorado 285