Georgia -- Antiquities; Mounds -- Georgia; Ocmulgee National Monument (Ga.)
Other evidence shows that the users of this telltale point were not the
first to live in the region of the western plains; at least some of
their numbers had been preceded by men whose stone work was almost as
unusual and equally easy to identify. Recently developed methods of
dating by the use of radioactive carbon-14 show that the span of time
when the channeled point users, Folsom man, roamed the Plains included
one date of about 8000 B. C. For his predecessors, we feel justified in
pushing this date a good 2,000 or 3,000 years further back; and there
are even hints taken quite seriously by leading archeologists that man
was here many thousands of years before that. We know that the great
climatic swings marking the principal stages of the Pleistocene Epoch
were actually composed of repeated lesser pulsations. Like a mighty
pump, the changing climate worked upon all life within thousands of
miles of the shifting ice fronts, driving it southward with icy winds
and then sucking it back toward the north as cold and damp were replaced
by heat and drought. Man followed the game; and this, rather than any
planned migration, probably accounts for the wide spread of his earliest
remains.
American Indians, then, are most closely related to the present
inhabitants of eastern Asia, where they, too, had their origin. They
came to this country as its first human inhabitants some 12,000 to
15,000 years ago at the very least. They did not come all at once, or
even in one limited period of time, but probably in a fairly continuous
succession of small hunting bands following the game. Their earliest
migrations hither were doubtless the indirect result of great
fluctuations in climate which marked the coming and going of the ice
during the glacial age; and it was the peculiar conditions existing
about the present region of Bering Strait that encouraged them to
explore the now accessible region to the east. Once they had reached the
New World, their hunting travels probably carried them back and forth in
both directions so that a knowledge of the seemingly limitless territory
beyond became fairly general.
[Illustration: Broken Clovis point and sharp-cornered scrapers from
Ocmulgee excavations. Point length 3¹¹/₁₆ inches. Artist’s
reconstruction of point at left.]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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