Architecture, Byzantine; Byzantine Empire; Istanbul (Turkey) -- Description and travel; Justinian I, Emperor of the East, 483?-565
The church consequently presented a most glorious spectacle,
extraordinary to those who beheld it, and altogether incredible to
those who are told of it. In height it rises to the very heavens, and
overtops the neighbouring buildings like a ship anchored among them:
it rises above the rest of the city, which it adorns, while it forms
a part of it, and it is one of its beauties that being a part of the
city, and growing out of it, it stands so high above it, that from
it the whole city can be beheld as from a watch-tower. Its length
and breadth are so judiciously arranged that it appears to be both
long and wide without being disproportioned. It is distinguished by
indescribable beauty, for it excels both in its size and in the harmony
of its proportion, having no part excessive and none deficient; being
more magnificent than ordinary buildings, and much more elegant than
those which are out of proportion. It is singularly full of light and
sunshine; you would declare that the place is not lighted by the sun
from without, but that the rays are produced within itself, such an
abundance of light is poured into this church. Now the front of the
church (that is to say the part towards the rising sun, where the
sacred mysteries are performed in honour of God) is built as follows.
The building rises from the ground, not in a straight line, but set
back somewhat obliquely, and retreating in the middle into the form
of a half-circle, a form which those who are learned in these matters
call semi-cylindrical, rising perpendicularly. The upper part of
this work ends in the fourth part of a sphere, and above it another
crescent-shaped structure is raised upon the adjacent parts of the
building, admirable for its beauty, but causing terror by the apparent
weakness of its construction; for it appears not to rest upon a secure
foundation, but to hang dangerously over the heads of those within,
although it is really supported with especial firmness and safety. On
each side of these there are columns standing upon the floor, which
themselves also are not placed in a straight line, but arranged with
an inward curve of semicircular shape, one beyond another, like the
dancers in a chorus. These columns support above them a crescent-shaped
structure. Opposite this east wall is built another wall containing
the entrances, and upon either side of it also stand columns with
stonework above them in a half-circle exactly like those previously
described. In the midst of the church are four masses of stone called
piers, two on the north and two on the south side, opposite and equal
to one another, having four columns in the central space between
each. These piers are composed of large stones fitted together, the
stones being carefully selected and cleverly jointed into one another
by the masons, reaching to a great height. Looking at them you would
compare them to perpendicular cliffs. Upon these four arches rise in a
quadrilateral form.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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