W. Edmunds: The Lancet, May 11th, p. 1317; 18th, p. 1381; 25th, p. 1449, 1901. Footnote 55: Lorand: C. R. de la Société de biologie, 1906. It has been shown recently by Hunt[56] that the thyroid protects us against poisons like acetonitril, and that iodine acts through the thyroid. Garnier,[57] of Paris, has found that certain chemical products, such as iodine, produce great alterations in the thyroid. As is well known, cases of Graves’s disease (hyperthyroidia) have been observed after iodine treatment. That the thyroid fulfils a protective rôle against infectious diseases may already be considered proved by the fact that, as Roger and Garnier,[58] Crispin,[59] Torre,[60] Bayon,[61] of Würzburg; de Quervain, and others have found, the thyroid is, as a rule, altered in infectious diseases. As Roger and Garnier have shown by a series of investigations confirmed by the above-named authors, the thyroid shows in acute infectious diseases with fever an increased activity with enlargement of the follicles, which are filled with a large quantity of colloid substance which may even enter into the adjacent lymphatic spaces. However, this hyperactivity of the thyroid gland may be followed by its exhaustion, and thus after a certain duration of high fever there may be no colloid substance at all in the folliculi. Footnote 56: Hunt: International Congress of Physiology, Heidelberg, 1907. Footnote 57: Garnier: “La Thyroide dans les maladies infectieuses,” Thèse de Paris, 1899. Footnote 58: Roger et Garnier: Presse médicale, April 19, 1899. Footnote 59: Crespin: Giornale dell’ Associazione Napolitano di Medici, xii, 3. Footnote 60: Torre: “La Tiroide nei Morbi Infettivi,” Il Policlinico, No. 6, p. 145; No. 8, p. 226; No. 10, p. 280. Footnote 61: Bayon: Würzburger Abhandlungen, 1904.