Christian antiquities -- Great Britain; Folklore -- Great Britain; Great Britain -- Social life and customs; Manners and customs
John Thorsby, Archbishop of York, about the year 1367, delivered to his
subordinates a charge respecting Sunday trading. It is stated in the
document as follows: "Desiring, therefore, to obviate some errors and
abuses, so far as we can, which we see to grow rife in the church; in the
first place (according to the example of Christ, who would have his own
church called a house, not of merchandise, but of prayer; and not allowing
fraudulent traffic there to be exercised, cast the buyers and sellers out
of the temple), we firmly forbid any one to keep a market in the churches,
the porches, and cemeteries thereunto belonging, or other holy places of
our diocese, on the Lord's day or other festivals, or to presume to
traffic or hold any secular pleasures therein; and let there be no
wrestlings, shootings, or plays, which may be the cause of sin,
dissension, hatred, or fighting, therein performed; but let every Catholic
come thither to pray, and to implore pardon for his sin." About this time,
a similar charge was made by the Archbishop of Canterbury.
In the year 1409, a statute of Henry IV. ordered:
"He that playeth at unlawful games on Sundays and other festival days
prohibited by the statute, shall be six days imprisoned."
At Hull, in 1428, the local bench of magistrates drew up a code of
regulations respecting Sunday trading. The chief orders were as follow:
"That no markets be held upon Sunday, nor any merchandise or goods sold
thereon, under penalty of 6s. 8d. to the seller and 3s. 4d. to the buyer,
except according to ancient custom, from Lammas to Michaelmas."
"That no butcher sell or expose for sale any meat on Sunday, under the
aforesaid penalty."
"That no cooks nor victuallers dress any meat on Sunday, except for
strangers, and that, too, before eleven o'clock."
"That no tradesmen keep their shops open on Sunday, nor sell any goods;
nor any vintners or ale-sellers deliver or sell ale or wine on Sunday,
under the aforesaid penalties."
"Any person who shall inform against transgressors, shall be entitled to
one-eighth over and above half of the sums so forfeited, provided he
acted out of pure zeal, devoid of self-interest or malice."
The City Records of Worcester contain some quaint items on the observance
of Sunday. We may infer from a regulation made by the local authorities,
at the commencement of the reign of Queen Elizabeth, that the laws were
not very stringent respecting Sunday trading. It was resolved that the
shopkeepers were to open "only one top window on a Sunday." "This was," to
use the words of a local historian, "a decided case of huckstership
dividing its affection between God and Mammon."
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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