Old Rome: A Handbook to the Ruins of the City and the CampagnaBurn, Robert
History
Old Rome: A Handbook to the Ruins of the City and the Campagna
Burn, Robert
Rome (Italy) -- Antiquities; Rome (Italy) -- Description and travel
The original extent of the temple appears to have included only that part
of the lower town, which lies between the modern streets of the Corso and
the Borgo, and the ancient city principally lay on the side towards the
citadel. But after Sylla had rebuilt the temple, its precincts reached as
far downwards as the modern Contrada degli Arconi, and upwards to the
Contrada Scacciato behind the baronial palace. The whole of this space was
filled with a gradually ascending series of flights of marble stairs and
terraces, arranged in a pyramidal form, at the summit of which stood the
tholus or round temple of the goddess, 450 feet above the lowest terrace.
The base of this pyramidal approach was 1275 feet broad, and the upper
terraces gradually diminished in width. The temple faced the south, like
those of Diana at Aricia, of Juno at Gabii and Lanuvium, and of Jupiter
Capitolinus at Rome. The modes of construction found in the ruins are
referred by Nibby to four different epochs--the polyhedral stonework of
the primitive temple, which was incorporated in the buildings of the new;
the squared stonework of the time of the Punic wars; the structures
composed of smaller polygonal stones erected by Sylla; and the brickwork
of the imperial times. There were five principal terraces or platforms
rising one above the other. Nibby calls these the terrace of the cisterns,
the terrace of the halls, the central terrace, the terrace of the
recesses, and the terrace of the hemicycle. In front of the lowest terrace
was a large open space on which the boundary of the sacred precincts was
marked out by stone landmarks, some of which have been found on the spot.
This open area was on the right of the Contrada degli Arconi, which takes
its name from the arches still remaining. The sides of the area were
bordered by two immense reservoirs. One of these is still entirely
preserved, but the other is filled with rubbish. On the side of the open
area towards the hill were twenty-nine arches, five of which in the centre
projected, forming a kind of portico with fountains in niches, while the
other twenty-four completed the sides towards the reservoirs. The style of
these arches seems to indicate that they were built by Sylla as an
addition to the older temple precincts. One arch on the left hand, and all
the twelve on the right, still remain intact. They were probably used as
rooms for the slaves belonging to the temple.
[Sidenote: Reservoirs.]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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