On adipocire, and its formationWetherill, Charles Mayer
Science
On adipocire, and its formation
Wetherill, Charles Mayer
Adipocere; Fatty acids; Postmortem changes
Portions of number one presented an appearance as if of the hair
follicles, and there were mingled with it cylindrical hairs, of an
inch and a half in length, brownish in colour, and quite fine. From
these hairs, and from its position in the coffin, adipocire number
one probably came from the abdomen. The fat from this portion gave
the same appearance under the microscope, as specimen number two. The
alcoholic solution of the fat evaporated on the microscope slide, gave
the appearance of stellated dendritic crystals, with curved branches,
resembling the so called margaric acid under the same circumstances.
The whole mass of fat in the two specimens, seems to be entangled in a
web of disintegrated membrane, and fibrous tissue. I have never been
able to detect any traces of muscular fibre under the microscope;
and Dr. Leidy, who was kind enough to examine specimens with the
microscope, communicated to me the same results. The smell of the two
specimens was peculiar; what might be called an adipocire smell; for I
have observed it in all specimens of adipocire that I have examined.
This smell is indescribable, the nearest approach to it being that of
fæces, but it is much more disagreeable.
The following melting points were observed from the original adipocire,
melted per se in watch glasses, and the fat taken up in capillary
tubes. In these specimens, (_a_) was taken from parts with _little_,
and (_b_) from parts with _much_ cellular tissue:
{ { fuses at 56°
{ (_a_) {
{ { solidifies 50°
No. 1. {
{ { fuses 50°
{ (_b_) {
{ { solidifies 43°-44°
{ { fuses 55°
{ (_a_) {
{ { solidifies 50°
No. 2. {
{ { fuses 55°
{ (_b_) {
{ { solidifies 50°
They commenced to melt a little below and to solidify a little above
these points, which were taken for perfect fluidity or opacity.
Generally in solidifying, the crystallization commenced at one point,
and spread gradually through the capillary tube.
The density varied with different portions of one and two, from below
0.7487 to 1.0, and was ascertained, by immersing specimens (freed
from external air globules) in ether of the above density, alcohol of
density 0.8365, and distilled water. The ash, no doubt, varied also;
but the following determinations were made with the whitest portions
of one and two: viz.: those of the density of ether. No. 1, contained
0.573 per cent. of ash, (1.135 gave 0.0065) which effervesced with
acid, and contained principally, lime, with traces of chlorine,
sulphuric and phosphoric acid, also iron, potassa soda, and (doubtful)
magnesia. The melting point of this portion was 52°-53°. No. 2, gave
0.18 per cent. of ash, (1.109 gave 0.002) which contained the same
substances as number one. The melting point of this fat was 53°-55°.
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