Oregon and Eldorado; or, Romance of the RiversBulfinch, Thomas
History
Oregon and Eldorado; or, Romance of the Rivers
Bulfinch, Thomas
Amazon River; Columbia River; El Dorado; Lewis and Clark Expedition (1804-1806); Oregon -- Discovery and exploration
At daybreak on the 11th, after leaving Bulfinch's Harbor, Gray observed
the entrance of his desired port, bearing east-south-east, distant six
leagues; and running into it with all sails set, between the breakers,
he anchored at one o'clock in a large river of fresh water, ten miles
above its mouth. At this spot he remained three days, engaged in trading
with the natives, and filling his casks with water; and then sailed up
the river about twelve miles along its northern shore, where, finding
that he could proceed no farther from having taken the wrong channel, he
again came to anchor. On the 20th, he recrossed the bar at the mouth of
the river, and regained the Pacific.
On leaving the river, Gray gave it the name of his ship, the Columbia,
which it still bears. He called the southern point of land, at the
entrance, Cape Adams; and the northern, Cape Hancock. The former of
these names retains its place in the maps, the latter does not; the
promontory being known as Cape Disappointment,--a name it received from
Lieut. Meares, an English navigator, who, like Capt. Gray, judged from
appearances that there was the outlet of a river at that point, but
failed to find it, and recorded his failure in the name he assigned to
the conspicuous headland which marked the place of his fruitless search.
NOTE. As the discovery of Columbia River was an event of
historical importance, the reader will perhaps be gratified to
see it as recorded in the words of Capt. Gray himself, copied
from his logbook as follows:--
"May 11 (1792), at eight, P.M., the entrance of Bulfinch's
Harbor bore north, distance four miles. Sent up the
main-top-gallant yard, and set all sail. At four, A.M., saw the
entrance of our desired port, bearing east-south-east, distance
six leagues; in steering sails, and hauled our wind in shore.
At eight, A.M., being a little to windward of the entrance of
the harbor, bore away, and ran in east-north-east between the
breakers, having from five to seven fathoms of water. When we
were over the bar, we found this to be a large river of fresh
water, up which we steered. Many canoes came alongside. At one,
P.M., came to, with the small bower in ten fathoms black and
white sand. The entrance between the bars bore west-south-west,
distant ten miles; the north side of the river a half-mile
distant from the ship, the south side of the same two and a
half miles distance; a village on the north side of the river,
west by north, distant three-quarters of a mile. Vast numbers
of natives came alongside. People employed in pumping the salt
water out of our water-casks, in order to fill with fresh,
while the ship floated in. So ends."
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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