Early Origins--Pikes--Firearms 177 Infantry under Maurice of Nassau 180 Regiments--Brigades--Battalions 180 Infantry under Gustavus Adolphus 182 French Infantry in Reign of Louis XIV 184 Fusiliers--Grenadiers--Light Infantry 186 CHAPTER XVII THE EVOLUTION OF CAVALRY Early Origins 192 Origin of true Cavalry in the “Reiters” 193 Cuirassiers--Carbineers--Dragoons 194 Cavalry under Maurice--under Gustavus--under Cromwell--under Frederick 195 Light Horse--Hussars--Lancers 197 Cavalry Brigades--Divisions 198 CHAPTER XVIII THE EVOLUTION OF ARTILLERY AND ENGINEERS THE ARTILLERY 199 Early Origins--the Artillery Train 200 Battalion Guns--Heavy Guns 201 Improvement in Artillery Organization under Frederick 202 Horse Artillery--Batteries formed--Military Drivers 202 Divisional and Corps Artillery 203 THE ENGINEERS 204 CHAPTER XIX ORGANIZATION IN THE SEVENTEENTH AND EIGHTEENTH CENTURIES The “New Model” Army 206 The Armies of the Eighteenth Century 210 CHAPTER XX ORGANIZATION IN THE NINETEENTH CENTURY Changes in the Wars following the French Revolution 215 Divisions--Army Corps 215 Details of Napoleon’s Organization 218 Composition and Strength of his Army Corps 219 Prussian Organization in the Nineteenth Century 221 Proportion of Cavalry and Guns to Infantry 223 CHAPTER XXI THE EVOLUTION OF THE STAFF AND ADMINISTRATIVE SERVICES 1. The Staff 225 The General Staff 228 Napoleon’s Staff 230 Prussian Staff in 1870 231 2. The Supply and Transport Services 232 3. The Medical Organization for War 234