(1) _A Growing Population._ The change may be that of a healthy growth in population, making the community a desirable place for a church and a Sunday school. Such a development is constantly taking place in the newer portions of a city, whose population is moving from the center to the rim; or it may be noted in suburban towns, as facilities of transportation bring new residents from the metropolis; or it may appear in villages springing up on the line of a railroad, where home-seekers are settling and building habitations. Leaders in church and Sunday-school work must watch these growing centers, and provide wisely for their religious needs. It will not suffice to wait for these newcomers to build their own churches and organize their own Sunday schools. Most of them are taxed to the utmost in building or buying their own homes, and will scarcely realize their need until the habit of neglecting worship has become fixed, and their children grow up without religious education. The old and strong churches must extend a hand to the settlers, must preëmpt church sites at the very beginning, must help to erect chapels, for a time must supply workers, and must set the current of the new settlement Godward and churchward. The reward of their labor and their liberality will not long be delayed. (2) _A Declining Population._ There are places where the population has lessened, making the work of the Sunday school increasingly difficult and its results meager. It may be in the city, where business has crowded away the dwellers of other years, as in the lower end of Manhattan Island in New York. There tall office buildings and warehouses stand on sites formerly occupied by churches, but no longer needed, now that almost the only residents are the janitors and their families, living on the roofs of the towerlike temples of trade. But oftener the region of the declining population is found in the country. Villages once prosperous have gradually lost their inhabitants. In places where three or four churches, each with its Sunday school, were formerly well supported, there is now scarcely a constituency for one. Yet all these churches, though decayed and dying by inches, are still maintained; and each church still houses a discouraged Sunday school, attended by a faithful few, but with no hope of growth and an imminent peril of extinction. If loyalty to a denomination could give way to love for the kingdom of Christ, these might be consolidated into one church and one Sunday school for all the community. We venture the prophecy that before the twentieth century comes to its close this will be throughout the American continent the accepted settlement of the question. May its fulfillment be not long delayed! In the meantime these decayed but still enduring Sunday schools and churches in a community should seek for peace and friendship, not emphasizing the points of doctrine or of system that differ, but those that agree, and striving to maintain the