Origin of modern calculating machines — John Shaqi
Origin of modern calculating machinesTurck, J. A. V.
History
Origin of modern calculating machines
Turck, J. A. V.
Calculators
Turning to the illustration of the U. S. patent drawings of the Pottin
machine, the reader will note that there are four large wheels shown,
marked B. These wheels are what may be called the type-wheels, although
they also serve as indicator wheels for registering cash sales. The
type figures are formed by a series of needles fixed in the face of the
wheels.
The means employed for presenting the proper type figure for printing
and likewise the indicator figures to indicate the amount set up in
each denominational order was as follows:
Referring to Fig. 1, it will be noted that to each type-wheel is geared
a spring-actuated segmental rack marked D, which, as shown in the
drawing, is in contact with a pin marked i, which protrudes from the
side of the depressed number (9) key.
The normal position of the rack D, is indicated in dotted lines showing
the next higher sector which has not been displaced by key depression.
[Sidenote: _Description of Pottin machine_]
Each key, as will be noted from Fig. 7, is provided with one of the
pins i, which is normally out of the path of the lug j, as the racks D,
drop forward; but when any key is depressed the pin is presented in the
path of the lug j, and stops further forward action of the rack.
It will be noted that the arrangement of the keys is such as will allow
progressively varying degrees of action to the segmental racks D. This
variation, combined with the geared relation of the type-wheels and
racks is equivalent to a tenth of a rotation of the type-wheel for each
successive key in the order of their arrangement from 1 to 9.
The means provided for holding the segmental racks D, at normal, also
serves to hold a key of the same order depressed, and consists of a
pivoted spring-pressed latch-frame marked E (see Figs. 7 and 8).
With such a combination, the depression of keys in the several orders
will unlatch the segmental racks, and the racks, through the tension
of their actuating springs, will turn the wheels and present a type
corresponding to the numerical value of each key depressed.
A hand lever, marked R, located on left side of the machine provides
power for printing the items. Another hand lever, marked J, serves
to restore the segmental racks, type-wheels and the keys to normal,
and through the co-operation of the lever R, adds the items to the
totalizer numeral wheels, which are shown in Fig. 1 as the numbered
wheels marked v.
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