Origin of modern calculating machinesTurck, J. A. V.
History
Origin of modern calculating machines
Turck, J. A. V.
Calculators
The printing hammers were provided with means for resetting after being
tripped in the recording action. This means is connected with the paper
shift-lever, so that as the paper was shifted or fed upward, ready
for recording the next item, the printing-hammers were all reset and
latched on their respective trigger latches, ready for a new item.
Fixed to the shaft 97, on which the printing-hammers are pivoted, is a
bail, marked 98, part of which is shown in the drawing, the horizontal
bar of which normally lies under and out of the way of the hammers as
they plunge forward in printing. And attached to the right-hand end of
the shaft 97, is a crank arm connected by a link to the paper-shift
hand-lever, which may be seen on the right in the photo reproduction of
the machine. This connection is arranged so that depressing the lever
causes the shaft 97 to rock the bail 98 rearward, thus picking up any
tripped printing-hammers and relatching them.
The totals had to be printed, as in the first-described Felt recorder,
by depressing a key corresponding in value to the figure showing on the
wheel in each order.
[Sidenote: _Felt principle of printing adopted by all manufacturers of
recorders_]
The principle involved in the individual hammer-blow, combined with
the ordinal type sector for recording in a recording-adder was new,
and was the feature that has made the adding-recording machine of
today possible, as is well in evidence by the presence of this
combination in all the recorders that have been made by the successful
manufacturers of listing or recording-adding and calculating machines.
Some manufacturers have substituted a vertical moving type bar for the
pivoted sector, but the scheme is the same, as the purpose is to get
the arrangement of the type in columnar order, and does not change the
fundamental features of the combination which furnished the practical
means for the individual type impression.
THE FELT TABULATOR
[Sidenote: _Wide paper carriage for tabulating_]
The next feature in the Art, that has served in the make-up of the
up-to-date recorders, was the wide paper-carriage. This feature will
probably be recognized by many as a means supplied for the recording of
columns of items in series on sheet-paper.
As will be noted, roll-paper in ribbon form had been used in all the
previously illustrated and described recorders. While the Ludlum
patent shows a carriage, it had no capacity for handling more than a
single column of numerical items. The carriage in the Ludlum machine
was a feature necessary to the typewriter construction and offered no
solution to the feature of tabulating.
[Illustration: Felt Tabulator]
[Sidenote: _The wide paper carriage machine_]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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