Origin of modern calculating machinesTurck, J. A. V.
History
Origin of modern calculating machines
Turck, J. A. V.
Calculators
In adding and recording columns of figures, it quite often happens that
it is desirable to print a number without adding it into the total,
which may be accomplished in general by depressing the non-add key or
knob, or what may be supplied for that purpose. These numbers, however,
were not provided with any means by which they could be distinguished
from those added into the total until Jesse G. Vincent conceived
the idea of printing a distinguishing mark beside them to designate
that they were mere numbers not added to the total. The means for
accomplishing this feature is shown in patent No. 1,043,883, applied
for September 24, 1906, and issued November 12, 1912.
[Sidenote: _Selective split keyboard_]
A new improvement in the split keyboard formerly devised by C. W. Gooch
is shown in a patent issued to Wetmore & Niemann applied to the Felt
“Comptograph.” This improvement consists of a selective device for
splitting the keyboard into four different combinations selective to
any combination. The patent was applied for April 24, 1907, and issued
February 2, 1915; the number is 1,127,332.
[Sidenote: _Selective printing cut-out_]
In some classes of recording it is desirable at times to cut out the
printing of some of the orders and in others the whole of the printing
mechanism. Mr. Fred A. Niemann patented a means for such a contingency.
The patent was applied for April 24, 1907, but was not issued until
March 9, 1920. The feature was shown applied to the Felt Comptograph
for tabulating or printing vertically a series of added and footed
columns of figures.
[Sidenote: _Grand totalizer_]
It is sometimes desirable to print the sum of all the totals of the
footed columns or what may be called a grand total. William E. Swalm,
in patent No. 885,202, applied for October 24, 1907, and issued April
21, 1908, shows how this feature may be accomplished on the Burroughs
recorder. It consisted of an extra series of accumulator wheels
that could be meshed with the regular accumulator wheels, and thus
receive actuation resulting in accumulation, the same as the regular
wheels. When, however, the regular wheels are zeroized in printing the
individual totals, the extra accumulator wheels are left out of mesh.
Thus the grand totals are accumulated. The printing of the grand total
is accomplished by the meshing of the grand total wheels with the
regular and the usual operation of taking a regular total. The regular
wheels, however, must be cleared first.
[Sidenote: _Alternate cross printing_]
The shuttle carriage, a means devised to print two columns of figures
by printing a number in one column and a sum in the other by alternate
action, was the conception of Clyde E. Gardner, and is shown applied to
the carriage of the Pike recorder in patent No. 1,052,811 of February
11, 1913. The patent was applied for September 24, 1908, and consists
of means for automatically shifting the carriage back and forth.
[Sidenote: _Determinate item signal_]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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