Ornithological biography, Vol. 4 (of 5) : $b An account of the habits of the birds of the United States of AmericaAudubon, John James
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Ornithological biography, Vol. 4 (of 5) : $b An account of the habits of the birds of the United States of America
Audubon, John James
Birds -- North America
In an adult bird of this species, the tongue measures seven-twelfths of
an inch in length, and is sagittate at the base, with conical papillæ,
of which the outermost is much larger, then contracted, being deeper
than broad, and tapering to a very acute compressed point. Aperture
of the glottis 2/12 long, with numerous papillæ behind, the middle
two largest. The œsophagus is 5-1/4 inches long, of uniform diameter,
measuring about 3/12 across, and passing along the right side of the
neck, along with the trachea. Proventriculus oblong, 8/12 in diameter,
its glandules extremely numerous, oblong, half a twelfth in length.
The stomach is a strong gizzard of an oblong form; an inch and a
twelfth long, nine-twelfths in breadth, its lateral muscles of moderate
thickness, the right (2-1/2)/12, the left (5-1/2)/12, the central
tendons oblong, 5/12 in diameter. The cuticular lining is tough, of
moderate thickness, longitudinally rugous, the grinding plates scarcely
thicker than the rest. The intestine is 18 inches long, its diameter
generally (3-1/2)/12. The rectum 2-1/4 inches long; the cæca 2-2/12,
very slender, their greatest diameter being only (1-1/2)/12; the cloaca
globular, about 1/2 inch in diameter. The stomach was filled with
remains of grasshoppers, of a deep red colour, with which the inner
coat was tinged, together with the head of a Libellula. No gravel or
other hard substances.
The trachea moderately extended is 3-10/12 inches long, its transverse
diameter (2-1/2)/12, diminishing to (1-1/2)/12. The rings are
unossified and extremely thin, 105 in number; the contractor or lateral
muscles feeble; the inferior larynx simple, with a single pair of
tracheali-bronchiales, and the usual sterno-tracheales; the bronchi of
about 15 half-rings.
This individual presented a very remarkable accumulation of fat over
the abdominal and pectoral muscles, and especially about the furcula.
TURNSTONE.
_STREPSILAS INTERPRES_, ILLIGER.
PLATE CCCIV. ADULT IN SUMMER AND WINTER.
This bird, which, in its full vernal dress, is one of the most
beautiful of its family, is found along the southern coasts of the
United States during winter, from North Carolina to the mouth of the
Sabine River, in considerable numbers, although perhaps as many travel
at that season into Texas and Mexico, where I observed it on its
journey eastward, from the beginning of April to the end of May 1837.
I procured many specimens in the course of my rambles along the shores
of the Florida Keys, and in the neighbourhood of St Augustine, and have
met with it in May and June, as well as in September and October, in
almost every part of our maritime shores, from Maine to Maryland. On
the coast of Labrador I looked for it in vain, although Dr RICHARDSON
mentions their arrival at their breeding quarters on the shores of
Hudson’s Bay and the Arctic Sea up to the seventy-fifth parallel.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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