There was not the faintest
suggestion that the woman might contribute to the family income and so
render marriage and career economically compatible. The young couple,
to be sure, belonged to smart Suburbia, economically a conservative
circle; but there was no indication in the play that the university
intelligentsia did not hold to the theory of wifely parasitism, nor
that audiences might question the theory. And I incline to think that
few in those Broadway audiences, although drawn as they were from
fairly composite circles, did question. Wifely parasitism is holding
its own.
In less invidious terms, where income permits, the wife continues to
be the consumer, the husband the producer. Conjugal partnership in
production, familiar in Europe, remains by and large unfamiliar in
this country. Outside of marriage, on the other hand, the last years
have seen considerable lessening in our American forms of segregating
the sexes. Not only has there been an increase of women in gainful
occupations together with an increase of occupations open to women, but
between men and women in business and in the professions relations are
increasingly less restricted, influenced less by sex taboo. There is
more coöperation, more goodwill, more companionship.
Possibly this companionship between the sexes at large will have a
reflex upon marriage, and marriage will become a more comprehensive
partnership. The question of the married woman in gainful occupations
is related, however, to a larger economic issue. Our capitalistic and
competitive economy not only suffers parasites and drones, it compels
them by reason of its inelasticity in providing for part-time labor.
The whole workday or no work at all is the notice given to women who
would be part-day home-keepers, either in their child-bearing years or
because of other family exigency, as well as to men who are aging or
invalid. For this economic waste and loss to personal happiness and
welfare there seems to be no promise of relief in prospect. Just the
opposite, in fact, for women, since, given the increasing mechanization
of housekeeping and the ramifying organization of hospital, nursery,
and school, women at home may have a larger and larger part of the day
on their hands and their functions become less and less significant.
In this connection birth control has been for some time an important
factor. As knowledge of contraception becomes surer and more widespread
and births more spaced, even during her child-bearing period the
home-staying woman will have less and less call on her vitality and
energy.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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